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2. – A chemical process used to break down large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller ones.
4. – Chemical process that rearranges hydrocarbon molecules to increase octane rating.
6. – Tower where a gas component is removed by a liquid solvent.
7. – State where the rate of forward and reverse reactions are equal in a closed system.
9. – Technique where solid particles behave like a fluid due to gas or liquid flow.
11. – Refining process used to remove sulfur, nitrogen, and metals from petroleum fractions.
15. – A systematic safety review process used to identify process hazards (abbreviation).
16. – A type of distillation column containing perforated trays for vapor-liquid contact.
17. – A diagram that shows the main process equipment and flow directions in a plant (abbreviation).
18. – Breaking down hydrocarbons using high temperature without a catalyst.
19. – A rating used to measure a fuel's resistance to knocking in spark-ignition engines.
20. – Average time a molecule spends in a reactor or process unit.

1. – Equipment that transfers heat between two fluids without mixing them.
3. – Process that converts straight-chain hydrocarbons into branched ones to improve fuel quality.
5. – Undesirable accumulation of materials on heat exchanger or reactor surfaces.
8. – Vessel used to separate droplets or solid particles from gas streams.
10. – Equipment that separates solid or liquid particles from gas using centrifugal force.
12. – A mixture of two or more liquids that boils at a constant temperature without changing composition.
13. – The leftover liquid after the desired component has been removed by extraction.
14. – Element commonly removed during refining due to its harmful environmental effects.