European Imperialism

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Across
  1. 4. Three districts that made up the bulk of the directly ruled British territories in India; capitals at Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay.
  2. 6. Architect of British victory at Plassey; established foundations of British raj in northern India (18th century).
  3. 8. A Muslim prince allied to British India; technically, a semi-autonomous deputy of the Mughal emperor.
  4. 11. Belief in the inherent mental, moral, and cultural superiority of whites; peaked in acceptance in decades before World War I; supported by social science doctrines of social Darwinists such as Herbert Spencer.
  5. 15. Conference that German chancellor Otto von Bismark called to set rules for the partition of Africa. It lead to the creation of the Congo Free State under King Leopold II of Belgium.
  6. 16. Domains of Indian princes allied with the British Raj; agents of East India Company were stationed to at the rulers courts to ensure compliance; made up over one-third of the British Indian Empire.
  7. 22. 1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the “foreign devils”. The rebellion was ended by British troops.
  8. 23. Movement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of Southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal.
  9. 24. British colony in South Africa; developed after Boer trek north from Cape Colony; major commercial outpost of Durban.
  10. 25. A medicine developed to prevent malaria. This allowed Europeans to travel to the interior of tropic regions and carve up Africa.
Down
  1. 1. Troops that served the British East India Company; recruited from various warlike peoples of India.
  2. 2. The greater portion of the European empires consisting of Africa, Asia, and the South Pacific were small numbers of Europeans ruled large populations of non-western peoples.
  3. 3. Areas, such as North America and Australia, that were both conquered by European invaders and settled by large numbers of European migrants who made the colonized areas their permanent home and dispersed and decimated the indigenous inhabitants.
  4. 5. The idea that the more civilized countries need to take care of the countries that “need” it. Rudyard Kipling: poem addressing the unpopularity of foreign rule and that it was a duty to bring order and serve people.
  5. 7. The application of ideas about evolution and “survival of the fittest” to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion.
  6. 9. War between the British Empire and the Zulu Kingdom. From complex beginnings, the war is notable for several particularly bloody battles, as well as for being a landmark in the timeline of colonialism in the region. The war ended the Zulu nation's independence.
  7. 10. Hawaiian prince; with British backing he created a unified kingdom by 1810; promoted the entry of Western ideas in commerce and social relations.
  8. 12. a school or college attached to a mosque where young men study theology.
  9. 13. Zulu chief in 1879 who refused to dismiss his army and accept British rule, the British invaded the Zulu nation and lost control of their kingdom in the Battle of Ulundi in 1887.
  10. 14. British administrator who brought new school system, wrote "Minute on Education" where he stated that English was the supreme language and western civilization and supreme culture.
  11. 17. Boer free states established in southern Africa by Africans of Dutch descent from the British colonial government in Cape Colony (1850).
  12. 18. Colonies in which European settlers made up the overwhelming majority of the population; small numbers of native inhabitants were typically reduced by disease and wars of conquest; typical of British holdings in North America and Australia with growing independence in the 19th century.
  13. 19. Name given to British representatives of the East India Company who went briefly to India to make fortunes through craft and exploration.
  14. 20. British, developed a system based on the theory of evolution, believed in the primacy of personal freedom and reasoned thinking. Sought to develop a system whereby all human endeavours could be explained rationally and scientifically.
  15. 21. Plassey Took place on June 23, 1757; how Great Britain really gained control of India. Despite their low number of soldiers, the British were able to win the battle against Siraj, the leader of Bengal, and his army. Soldiers fighting for Great Britain (Robert Clive leading) had a few specific qualities that made them successful on the battlefield- a strong army, gun skills, unity of their army (unlike Siraj's army), the Royal Navy, and support from other countries.