evo bio

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Across
  1. 2. Human-directed selection in which individuals with desired heritable traits reproduce
  2. 4. A baseline expectation used to compare observed data with expected data
  3. 5. Sharp reduction in population size that can cause loss of genetic variation
  4. 15. Selection that removes harmful genetic changes
  5. 16. Rapid increase of a beneficial allele that can reduce nearby genetic variation
  6. 18. Genetic variation measured by the frequency of individuals with two different alleles
  7. 19. Portion of phenotypic variation associated with environmental differences
  8. 21. Rate of nonsynonymous amino-acid-changing substitutions
  9. 25. Idea that most genetic differences have little or no effect on fitness
  10. 27. Tracing gene copies backward until they reach a shared ancestral gene copy
  11. 28. A null model predicting genotype frequencies when evolutionary assumptions are met
  12. 29. Changes in population size and history that can influence patterns of genetic variation
  13. 31. Movement of alleles between populations through migration and reproduction
  14. 33. When one allele reaches a frequency of one in a population
  15. 34. Selection that maintains multiple alleles in a population
  16. 35. A specific location of a gene or DNA sequence on a chromosome
  17. 36. Total variation in phenotype resulting from genetic and environmental variation
  18. 37. When variation at one gene affects the effect of another gene
  19. 38. Functional importance that limits which genetic changes can persist
  20. 39. Gene flow introduces alleles while selection acts against or maintains them locally
Down
  1. 1. Study of genetic lineages by tracing sampled gene copies backward through time
  2. 3. A DNA substitution that does not change the encoded amino acid
  3. 6. A DNA substitution that changes the encoded amino acid
  4. 7. Random changes in allele frequencies from generation to generation
  5. 8. A trait showing continuous variation and often influenced by many genes and environment
  6. 9. Mating between genetically related individuals that increases homozygosity
  7. 10. Nonrandom mating based on similarity or differences in phenotype
  8. 11. Portion of phenotypic variation associated with genetic differences
  9. 12. A trait influenced by many different genes or loci
  10. 13. Proportion of phenotypic variation in a population accounted for by genetic variation
  11. 14. Process that reshuffles allele combinations and can break down linkage disequilibrium
  12. 17. Nonrandom association of alleles at different loci
  13. 20. Use of relatively predictable genetic change over time to estimate evolutionary divergence
  14. 22. The fundamental source of new alleles in a population
  15. 23. Genetic drift occurring when a new population is established by a small number of individuals
  16. 24. Rate of synonymous substitutions that do not change amino acids
  17. 26. Number of breeding individuals that historically contribute genes to future generations
  18. 30. Selection that favors advantageous genetic changes
  19. 32. Equilibrium where mutation introduces deleterious alleles as fast as selection removes them