Exam Review

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Across
  1. 5. The amount of dissolved salts in water.
  2. 8. A _________ structure is made of parts (structural components) fastened together.
  3. 9. Structural ___________ are permanent changes to a structure due to the internal and external forces acting on it.
  4. 14. This type of element is non-living (water, rocks, etc.)
  5. 15. A __________ structure is a structure that is strong, hollow and light for its size.
  6. 17. Complex system where living things interact with other living and non-living things.
  7. 18. The ability of a structure to maintain or resume its position when an external force has been applied to it.
  8. 21. The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
  9. 22. A consumer that feeds off waste.
  10. 24. A type of internal force that twists a structure.
  11. 26. The science of designing equipment that people can use more efficiently and safely.
  12. 27. An area of land where all the water eventually drains into one main body, such as a stream, river, wetland, lake or ocean.
  13. 29. Describes the close interactions between 2 or more different species where both species benefit from the the relationship.
  14. 30. Area of soft soil intermingled with water (a marsh)
  15. 31. A curved structure that can support a lot of weight due to the force of weight being carried along the sides to its supports. This spreads out the effect of any load.
  16. 32. An interaction between organisms or species in which both compete for survival.
  17. 33. This consumer eats a primary consumer.
  18. 34. A long, hollowed shaft drilled down into an aquifer to obtain fresh water.
Down
  1. 1. An underground freshwater reservoir.
  2. 2. A place that provides living things with oxygen, water, food, shelter and anything else they need for survival.
  3. 3. Populations of different species that live and interact in a habitat.
  4. 4. An externa force that acts on all structures (natural force of attraction between 2 objects).
  5. 6. This geometrical shape provides the greatest structural strength.
  6. 7. An animal that eats meat.
  7. 10. A __________ factor controls the number and health of biotic elements in ecosystems (food availability, predators, suitable habitat).
  8. 11. A consumer that breaks down dead plants, animals and waste products into smaller pieces.
  9. 12. Contact that is harmful to humans, other animals and the environment
  10. 13. Plant or plant-like biotic element that can make its own food to supply the matter and energy it needs to survive.
  11. 16. A balanced arrangement on opposite sides of a structure (equal halves).
  12. 18. Ability of something to exist or be used at the same level for a long period of time without being damaged, harmed or reduced for future use.
  13. 19. A rigid framework of beams jointed together. They are usually in the form of interlocking triangles.
  14. 20. _________ of application is the exact location where a force meets a structure.
  15. 21. This type of element is a living thing in an ecosystem (plants, animals)
  16. 23. Type of internal force that stretches a structure apart to expand or lengthen it.
  17. 25. An animal that eats plants.
  18. 28. This type of load is a force that moves or changes while acting on a structure.