final
Across
- 1. Orders by the national government that states must abide by. The unfunded ones do not provide any money to assist the states in complying.
- 5. Those on the political left who favor more government regulation of economic matters and believe that morality is a matter of personal choice.
- 7. This formal presidential power to forgive federal crimes is a check on the judicial branch. executive Orders An informal presidential power, these are directives of the President that have the force of law.
- 8. Passed after FDR was elected 4 times, it officially limits the president to 2 terms. patronage Rewards (like a job in the federal bureaucracy) that were given to people loyal to the president under the spoils system.
- 10. Because of this problem, interest groups have a hard time getting people to join because outsiders will still benefit if the interest group succeeds even if these outsiders do not contribute to that success.
- 13. This amendment guaranteeing equal protection under the law was the basis of Baker v carr and the other apportionment cases.
- 15. The process by which the Constitution was approved with ratification conventions in each of the 13 colonies.
- 17. Historical events like the Great Depression or the Cold War that can shape the political preferences of an entire generation.
- 21. President’s choosing their words in a way to appeal to a specific demographic group like
- 22. A poll conducted at the beginning of a campaign to help determine the best strategy to win.
- 24. When the annual federal budget has the government bringing in more revenue than it is 34.
- 25. or religious individuals.
- 26. It’s when the President speaks directly to the American people, which is much easier now with social media.
- 27. When the annual federal budget has the government spending more money than it is bringing
Down
- 2. The sum total of all past annual budget deficits. Having it requires us to pay it back with interest.
- 3. Conflict that determined that state governments cannot nullify acts of Congress
- 4. Lobbying that tries to get citizens to contact their legislators and encourage them to support particular policies
- 6. predetermined electoral outcome.
- 9. The powers of government that are explicitly granted to the national Congress in
- 11. Groups of individuals who try to influence public policy
- 12. Drawing voting districts which group specific voters together in such a way as to achieve
- 14. 1, section 8
- 16. Committees that include members from both houses of Congress
- 18. The tactic of literally talking a bill to death in the Senate, speaking endlessly during debate so that a final vote can never take place.
- 19. Types of primaries in which only registered party members may attend to prevent strategic voting
- 20. It means “to bring charges against” and involves the house voting for "articles of it," the Chief justice presiding over a senate trial, and the senate possibly removing by a 2/3rds vote.
- 23. the vote that actually determines the winner of the general election for president runoff An election system used in some states in which, if no congressional candidate wins a majority of votes in the general election, a second election is held between only the top two vote getters.