First Semester Biology Review

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Across
  1. 1. uncontrolled cell growth
  2. 5. variety of living organisms found on Earth
  3. 6. made up of the four nucleotides: A,U,G,C
  4. 7. the decoding of an mRNA message into a protein
  5. 9. divided into three phases including the G1, S, and G2 phases.
  6. 13. when a solution has the same concentration of solute inside and outside of the cell
  7. 17. active process of taking materials INTO the cell
  8. 18. over time, the frequency of genes (genetic information) in a population changes
  9. 19. cell energy
  10. 22. contains the DNA of the cell and acts as the boss
  11. 23. includes the following four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
  12. 24. bundles of DNA found in cells
  13. 25. during this phase, chromosomes become visable and the nuclear envelope begins to dissolve
  14. 26. all living species have the ability to pass their unique genetic information on to the next generation
  15. 28. made up of the four nucleotides: A,T,G,C
  16. 30. Sometimes cells make mistakes in copying their own DNA. The variations are called
Down
  1. 2. all living organisms are made of one or more individual cells that are organized to function in a certain way
  2. 3. While organisms might be partially independent, they must also rely on each other and the non-living aspects of the world for survival
  3. 4. when a solution has a lower concentration (density) of solutes, it is said to be_____________________. Also called “below strength.”
  4. 8. the powerhouse of the cell
  5. 10. when a solution has a higher concentration (density) of solutes, it is said to be_____________________. Also called “above strength.”
  6. 11. during this phase, chromosomes attach to spindle fibers and are pulled to either side to the cell
  7. 12. captures light energy from the sun and converts it to energy
  8. 14. this is the last phase of the cell cycle when two daughter cells are finally formed
  9. 15. protein that helps regulate the cell cycle
  10. 16. during this phase, choromosomes align along the middle of the cell
  11. 20. the copying of a base sequence from DNA to RNA
  12. 21. during this pahse, chromosomes begin to condense into chromatin and the nuclear envelope begins to reform
  13. 27. active process of releasing materials OUT of the cell
  14. 29. programmed cell death