French Revolution

1. A machine for beheading people, used as a means of execution during the French Revolution.
9. Overthrew the French revolutionary government (The Directory) in 1799 and became emperor of France in 1804. Failed to defeat Great Britain and abdicated in 1814. Returned to power briefly in 1815 but was defeated and died in exile.
11. Radical republicans during the French Revolution. They were led by Maximilien Robespierre from 1793 to 1794.
12. A person of mixed African and European ancestry
13. a sudden, violent, and unlawful seizure of power from a government; a coup.
15. the middle class, including merchants, industrialists, and professional people
16. The site of Napoleon's defeat by British and Prussian armies in 1815, which ended his last bid for power

2. Was an important leader of the Haïtian Revolution and the first leader of a free Haiti; in a long struggle again the institution of slavery, he led the blacks to victory over the whites and free coloreds and secured native control over the colony in 1797, calling himself a dictator.
3. Venezuelan statesman: leader of revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule.
4. A pledge made by the members of France's National Assembly in 1789, in which they vowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution
5. A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country
6. French Revolutionary assembly (1789-1791). Called first as the Estates General, the three estates came together and demanded radical change. It passed the Declaration of the Rights of Man in 1789.
7. (1793-94) during the French Revolution when thousands were executed for "disloyalty"
8. Spanish-born, came to Latin America; ruled, highest social class.
10. The medieval fortress that was converted to a prison stormed by peasants for ammunition during the early stages of the French Revolution.
14. Descendents of Spanish-born but born in Latin America; resented inferior social, political, economic status.