French Revolution

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  1. 2. Radical urban working-class revolutionaries in Paris distinguished by plain clothing; they pushed for more direct democracy, price controls, and social equality during the Revolution.
  2. 6. French general that became emperor
  3. 14. A political system in which a monarch holds supreme, centralized authority with few legal limits; rulers justified their power as absolute control over the state and government.
  4. 15. A traditional assembly representing the three estates (Clergy — First Estate, Nobility — Second Estate, Commoners — Third Estate) convened by the king to consult on major issues, taxation, or reforms.
  5. 16. The wealthy upper middle-class
  6. 17. A radical political club and network of revolutionaries who supported republicanism, centralization, and often severe measures against opponents; prominent during the Revolution's most radical phase.
  7. 20. The five-member executive government (1795–1799) that ruled France after the fall of the Reign of Terror; it was marked by political instability and corruption before Napoleon’s rise.
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  1. 1. ____ of Terror — The period (1793–1794) of revolutionary government led by the Committee of Public Safety during which suspected enemies of the Revolution were arrested and often executed to defend the republic.
  2. 3. ____of Public Safety — The executive body created in 1793 to protect the Revolution from internal and external threats; it assumed near-dictatorial powers during the Reign of Terror.
  3. 4. ____ Assembly — The revolutionary body formed in 1789 when representatives of the Third Estate declared themselves the legitimate legislature of France, initiating political transformation.
  4. 5. ___d'état — A sudden, decisive overthrow of a government by a small group, often military or political leaders, to seize power.
  5. 7. _______Code — A comprehensive set of civil laws enacted under Napoleon Bonaparte that codified legal equality for men, property rights, and secular authority; it reformed and standardized French law and influenced many legal systems worldwide.
  6. 8. ______of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen — A foundational revolutionary document (1789) asserting universal natural rights, including liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression, and principles of popular sovereignty and equality before the law.
  7. 9. A person (often noble or member of clergy) who fled France during the Revolution, usually criticizing revolutionary changes and sometimes seeking foreign support to restore the old order.
  8. 10. The urban middle class (merchants, professionals, skilled artisans) who lacked noble privileges but often had wealth and education; key agents of political change during the Revolution.
  9. 11. The church officials that made up the First Estate
  10. 12. Social class of pre-revolutionary France
  11. 13. ____ Court Oath — The pledge made in 1789 by members of the Third Estate (and some allies) to continue meeting until they had written a new constitution for France.
  12. 18. Region that Marie Antoinette came from
  13. 19. ____Régime-The political and social system in France before the French Revolution, characterized by monarchy, feudal privileges for the nobility and clergy, and estates divided into rigid orders.