Fundamentals of Medical Virology

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Across
  1. 2. this cycle of viral infection terminates with the death of the host cell as viral particles are released
  2. 4. the immunity which results from the production of antibodies by the immune system in response to the presence of an antigen.
  3. 6. (infection) are those diseases with a long incubation period, often years.
  4. 9. viruses can be responsible for the development of tumor cells, after the initial infection event
  5. 11. (virions)
  6. 12. a person or other organism that has become infected with a pathogen, but who display no signs nor symptoms.
  7. 14. is the specific interaction of the viral coat with a host cell receptor
  8. 16. (bodies) are nuclear or cytoplasmic aggregates of proteins, usually representative of viral multiplication
  9. 17. (transmission) is the transmission of pathogens between members of the same species that are not in a parent-child relationship
  10. 19. (immunity) the resistance to the spread of a contagious disease within a population that results if a sufficiently high proportion of individuals are immune to the disease, especially through vaccination
  11. 20. is where the immune system causes disease symptoms as a reaction to the presence of the virus, rather than the virus directly killing the cell
  12. 23. is the mechanism by which an antibody attaches to receptor, blocking the virus binding to the host cell
  13. 24. the process by which viruses of the same species, which are not identical, swap gene segments
  14. 26. the T-cells responsible for killing virus-infected host cells
  15. 27. one unit that makes up the viral protein shell. They self-assemble to form the final shape
  16. 28. (variants) refers to the mechanism by which an infectious agent alters its surface proteins in order to avoid a host immune response
  17. 30. cycle is when the virus that has infected a cell attaches itself to the host DNA and, acting like an inert segment of the DNA, replicates when the host cell divides
  18. 33. the structure some viruses possess that are typically derived from portions of the host cell membranes
  19. 34. the combined genome and protein structure of a virus
  20. 37. MHC proteins specific for presenting viral antigens
  21. 38. the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole.
  22. 39. a protein released by animal cells, usually in response to the entry of a virus, which has the property of inhibiting virus replication.
  23. 40. (of nucleic acid) is whether it contains the same basepairs as the mRNA, or the complementary sequence
Down
  1. 1. (period) the time when no virus particles are detected within the infected cell
  2. 3. an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of a complementary RNA molecule using an RNA template.
  3. 5. (transmission) is the Passage of a pathogen from mother to baby during the period immediately before and after birth
  4. 7. the envelopment of a viral core by a cellular membrane containing viral glycoproteins and subsequent membrane fission to release the particle from the membrane
  5. 8. this infection affects the entire body, rather than a single organ or body part
  6. 10. having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
  7. 13. 2 viruses infect a cell, but one is mutated and has a non-functional protein. The nonmutated virus helps the mutant by making protein for both viruses
  8. 15. (effect) is used to describe damage on the morphology and/or function of an infected cell
  9. 18. the protein shell of a virus that encloses the nucleic acid
  10. 21. cells are needed to destroy cells infected by many different virus and are nonspecific
  11. 22. is the antibody type that when present, can diagnose a current infection
  12. 25. (weakened) variants can’t cause disease due to mutations, but can be used for vaccination
  13. 29. infections are characterized by the lack of detectable infectious virus between episodes of recurrent disease
  14. 31. (symmetry) the protein subunits and the nucleic acid are arranged in a helix
  15. 32. (symmetry) subunits are arranged in the form of a hollow, quasi spherical structure, with the genome within, made up of 20 triangles
  16. 35. containing two complete sets of chromosomes
  17. 36. (genome) divided into multiple pieces, each of which encodes one or more open reading frames