Genetics

7. The complex 8-step process used to make reproductive gamete cells. Sperm in males and eggs in females both have only half the DNA of the body cells.
8. A small section of DNA that controls a specific trait.
11. The pair of genes an individual has that code for a specific trait (shown using 2 letters).
13. When the sperm cell and egg cell combine, their DNA combines to create an offspring with unique DNA.
14. A form of reproduction that involves a single parent having offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.
15. An extremely long molecule that contains the genetic code for all the traits of our cells, tissues, and organs in our body.

1. A diagram that shows the chance an offspring will have a trait similar to its parents, based on their genes.
2. A DNA strand wrapped up tightly into an organized rod. Humans have 23 pairs of these inside the nucleus of each cell.
3. An allele that is overpowered or covered up by a dominant trait.
4. The trait that shows up in an individual based on what the genetic code says.
5. A version of a gene. If a certain gene codes for height, it could maybe have 2 versions: short and tall.
6. An allele that is able to overpower or cover up a recessive trait.
7. An accidental change to the genetic code of DNA. This could result in proteins not being made correctly in the body.
9. The complex 4-step process used by cells to split themselves in half. Each half will become its own cell with identical DNA to the original.
10. A form of reproduction that involves 2 parents contributing half their DNA to have offspring that are genetically unique to the parent.
12. Molecules made by the cell based on the DNA's genetic code. These molecules build the cell's specialized structures and functions.