Genetics Crossword Puzzle

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Across
  1. 4. Cell growth and preparation takes about 21 hours, and mitosis takes _____ hour/s.
  2. 6. The genetically active portion of chromatin that is largely composed of genes.
  3. 15. Nitrogenous bases attract each other by ______ bonds.
  4. 16. The chiasmata moves towards the end of the the chromosomes.
  5. 17. The unwound strands of helix at each point along the chromosomes where replication is occurring.
  6. 18. In meiosis, one diploid cell produces _____ haploid cells.
  7. 19. This enzyme synthesizes small pieces of RNA which are going to provide the 3' end so that the DNA polymerase III can extend at the 3' end.
  8. 23. Primary oocytes enter into meiosis I then become arrested at ________.
  9. 24. Any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a given locus.
  10. 27. The chromosome is known to be ______ when the p-arm is equal to the q-arm in terms of length.
  11. 30. Identical structures that result from chromosome replication and form during the S phase.
  12. 32. _____ Kornberg discovered the DNA Polymerase I.
  13. 35. The Okazaki fragments will be joined by this enzyme.
  14. 36. All three polymerase has _____ activity, the reason why they can remove the wrong nucelotide and add the right nucleotide.
  15. 39. Acetylation is the addition of acteyl group to the positively charged amino group on the side chain of Lysine by the enzyme _______.
  16. 41. Cells of the _____ are continuously dividing in healthy humans hence they are never entering the resting phase.
  17. 42. Helps to understand how many chromosomes are present, to identify the kind of species, and to find a missing or an extra part of the chromosome
  18. 43. Telomerase was first discovered in the ciliate __________.
  19. 45. A polynucelotide sequence in a nucleic acid that does not code information for protein synthesis and is removed before translation of messenger RNA.
  20. 48. The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
  21. 50. The bundle of proteins that surrounds/envelops the centromere; where the microtubular spindle fibers attach during mitosis and meiosis.
  22. 51. A linear or circular region of DNA or RNA which replicates sequentially as a unit.
  23. 53. The association of homologous chromosomes with chiasma formation that is characteristic of the first meiotic prophase and is held to be the mechanism for genetic crossing-over.
  24. 55. Any of the many water-soluble proteins that are rich in the basic amino acid lysine and arginine and are complexed with DNA in nucleosomes.
  25. 57. A polynucleotide sequence in a nucleic acid that codes information for protein synthesis and that is copied and spliced together with other such sequences to form messenger RNA.
  26. 58. A cross-shaped configuration of paired chromatids visible in the diplotene of meiotic prophase and considered the cytological equivalent of genetic crossing-over.
  27. 61. After a certain number of cell divisions, the telomere will be so short as to somehow prevent the cell from further proliferation. This is known as ________.
  28. 62. The region where the chromosomes move during metaphase.
  29. 63. Complete set of information in an organism's DNA
Down
  1. 1. Hershey-Chase bacteriophage experiment used ____________ to distinguish DNA and protein.
  2. 2. The telomerase gene, the gene making the telomerase enzyme, is present in chromosome number _______.
  3. 3. The organelle inherited through the mother.
  4. 5. Cytoplasmic division takes place only after the _________ division.
  5. 7. Finite replicative lifespan of cultured cells is directly related to organismal aging.
  6. 8. A genetic modification of a bacterium by incorporation of free DNA from another ruptured bacterial cell.
  7. 9. Synthesis of leading and lagging strand is simultaneous.
  8. 10. ________ subunit in the DNA Polymerase III is the clamp loader so the enzyme is attached to the DNA.
  9. 11. The region on a chromosome which the spindle attaches during mitosis and meiosis.
  10. 12. Random orientation of the chromosomes on the metaphase plate is because of ______ of maternal and paternal chromosomes.
  11. 13. A densely staining chromatin that appears as in or along chromosomes and contains relatively few genes.
  12. 14. The movement of the DNA replication in linear chromosomes is __________.
  13. 20. A type of genetic replication in which a double stranded molecule of nucleic acid separates into two single strands each of which serves as a template for the formation of a complementary strand that together with the template forms a complete molecule.
  14. 21. Sugar and phosphate serve as the backbone in the DNA structure and are bonded by _____ bonds.
  15. 22. These are regions with high frequency of short interspersed DNA that are GC-rich, CpG-rich, and predominantly nonmethylated.
  16. 25. DNA polymerase is existing in a _____ form.
  17. 26. A highly ordered proteinaceous structure that assembles at the interphase between aligned homologous chromosomes.
  18. 28. The DNA polymerase I, II, and III can only ____ the DNA.
  19. 29. A ribonucleoprotein catalyzing the elongation of chromosomal telomeres in eukaryotic cell division and is particularly active in cancer cells.
  20. 31. The degree of _____ refers to the average number of nucleotides added each time the enzymes bind to a template.
  21. 33. The enzyme for phosphorylation is _____.
  22. 34. The interchange of genes or segments between homologous chromosomes (crossing over) happens in this stage of Prophase I.
  23. 37. In the G1 phase, a lot of DNA _____ takes place.
  24. 38. Defines the packing of DNA as a 20nm fiber of chromatin and results from the helical winding of at least five nucleosome strands.
  25. 40. Methylation adds methyl group to ____ and lysine.
  26. 41. __-DNA is rehydrated so it is the one found in most cells.
  27. 44. Using ______ dye, it is possible to observe mitosis and meiosis under a microscope.
  28. 46. In the rolling-circle replication, there is an introduction of a ____, a break in the DNA molecule.
  29. 47. A complex of a nucleic acid with the basic proteins in eukaryotic cells that is dispersed in the interphase nucleus and condensed into chromosomes in meiosis and mitosis.
  30. 49. All heritable changes in gene expression and chromatin organization that is independent of the DNA sequence itself.
  31. 52. Each identical twin is a ___ of the other because they have the exact same genetic composition.
  32. 54. The directionality of the DNA comes from the ____ atoms.
  33. 55. Genome is equivalent to the genetic information in the _____ cell.
  34. 56. _____ sequences are added by the telomerase.
  35. 59. In the ___ phase of interphase, the DNA is synthesized.
  36. 60. The natural end of a eukaryotic chromosome composed of repetitive DNA sequence and serving to stabilize the chromosome.