Genetics & Heredity

2. the process by which the genome's DNA is copied in cells.
3. the molecule inside cells that contains the genetic information responsible for the development and function of an organism.
5. the relationship between two versions of a gene.
8. a structure found inside the nucleus of a cell.
9. a special form of cell division in which each daughter cell receives half the amount of DNA as the parent cell.
11. a small RNA molecule that plays a key role in protein synthesis.
13. the presence of two identical alleles at a particular gene locus.
14. the process by which amino acids are linearly arranged into proteins through the involvement of ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, messenger RNA, and various enzymes.
17. a nucleic acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA
18. large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body.
19. one of two or more DNA sequences occurring at a particular gene locus.
20. the basic unit of heredity passed from parent to child.

1. the process by which a cell makes an RNA copy of a piece of DNA.
4. a type of single-stranded RNA involved in protein synthesis, made from a DNA template during the process of transcription.
6. the process by which a cell replicates its chromosomes and then segregates them, producing two identical nuclei in preparation for cell division.
7. two chromosomes in a pair, normally one inherited from the mother and one from the father.
10. proteins that help speed up metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies.
12. having different alleles for a particular trait.
15. a trait that is expressed only when genotype is homozygous.
16. the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis.