Genetics & Heredity

1. proteins that help speed up metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies
3. the presence of a single set of chromosomes in an organism's cells
6. Two chromosomes in a pair normally one inherited from the mother and one from the father
9. the process by which the genome's DNA is copied in cells
10. having inherited the same versions (alleles) of a genomic marker from each biological parent
11. the basic unit of heredity passed from parent to child
12. the process by which a cell makes an RNA copy of a piece of DNA
16. the process of combining the male gamete, or sperm, with the female gamete, or ovum
17. the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism
18. thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells

2. any change in the DNA sequence of a cell
4. an observable trait
5. the presence of two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism's cells
7. a type of cell division during which a single cell divides twice and produces four daughter cells
8. a molecule that is present in the majority of living organisms and viruses
10. having inherited different versions (alleles) of a genomic marker from each biological parent
13. molecule made up of amino acids
14. a process of cell duplication, in which one cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells
15. the process of transmission of genes from parent to offspring
19. the young creation of living organisms, produced either by a single organism or, in the case of sexual reproduction, two organisms