Genetics Revision

2. The location of a gene on a chromosome.
4. The physical expression of a genotype.
7. A fertilised egg.
8. A cell that has two sets of chromosomes (one from each parent).
10. A haploid cell such as an egg or sperm.
11. An allele that is always shown in the phenotype.
15. The exchange of alleles between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, resulting in recombinant chromosomes containing maternal and paternal alleles.
16. A double stranded molecule, containing nucleotides that store the genetic information required to make proteins.
19. The random fusing of a haploid sperm and a haploid egg to create a zygote.
22. When homologous chromosomes line up, independent of any rule, creating a random allocation of maternal/paternal chromosomes in the gametes.
23. Something that causes a mutation.
24. A process of matching an individuals genetic markers to another individual to see how they are related to each other.
25. An allele that will only be seen in the phenotype when there are 2 copies.
26. The combination of alleles an organism has for specific gene.

1. Genotype that has 2 of the same alleles for a trait.
3. Genotype that has 2 different alleles for a trait.
5. An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes.
6. A process where individuals that are best suited to their environment survive to reproductive age and pass on their advantageous alleles.
8. A process of figuring out what the sequence of bases is for a gene.
9. A permanent change to the DNA base sequence.
12. A short section of DNA coding for a particular trait.
13. A strand of DNA that is sectioned into genes.
14. All the different alleles/phenotypes in a population.
17. A process of testing an individual to see if they have a specific sequence of bases.
18. The process where allele pairs are separated during meiosis so each gamete has only 1 instead of 2 alleles for a trait.
20. A type of cell division that results in four haploid daughter gametes, each genetically different from each other.
21. An alternative form of a gene that have a slightly different DNA base sequence.