Genetics Unit Vocab

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Across
  1. 3. The process where DNA is copied into RNA, which is like creating a set of instructions to take to the “protein-making factory.”
  2. 7. A molecule in your cells that carries instructions for how your body works and what traits you have, like a recipe book for life.
  3. 10. The process in cells where RNA is used to build proteins (like following instructions to make a protein).
  4. 11. type of allele that always shows up in an organism’s traits if it is present (represented by a capital letter, like A).
  5. 13. A characteristic that an organism has, like eye color, hair type, or height.
  6. 16. When an organism has two different alleles for a trait (like Aa).
  7. 17. The genetic makeup of an organism; the combination of alleles (like AA, Aa, or aa).
  8. 18. A small section of DNA that determines a specific trait, like the instructions for eye color.
Down
  1. 1. A type of allele that only shows up when no dominant allele is present (represented by a lowercase letter, like a).
  2. 2. When an organism has two of the same alleles for a trait (like AA or aa).
  3. 4. A tool that helps predict the possible traits of offspring by showing how alleles can combine.
  4. 5. Molecules that build and repair your body and help it function, like tiny machines that do important jobs.
  5. 6. A thread-like structure made of DNA that holds many genes. Humans have 46 chromosomes in most cells.
  6. 8. Acids Small molecules that are the building blocks of proteins, like individual beads in a necklace.
  7. 9. A molecule that acts like a messenger between DNA and the parts of the cell that build proteins.
  8. 12. A change in DNA that can sometimes lead to a new or different trait.
  9. 14. The physical appearance or traits of an organism based on its genotype (like having brown or blue eyes).
  10. 15. A different version of a gene; for example, a gene for eye color might have a blue allele or a brown allele.