Geologic History

2. a bend in layers of rock, sometimes caused by plate movement
3. states that in horizontal layers of sedimentary rock, each layer is older than the layer above it and younger than the layer below it
6. any method of measuring the age of an event or object in years
10. a principle that geologic processes that occurred in the past can be explained by current geologic processes
12. volcanic rock that has cooled outside of Earth’s crust
13. volcanic rock that has cooled inside of Earth’s crust

1. states that any feature that cuts across a rock or body of sediment must be younger than the rock or sediment that it cuts across
4. the theory that states that Earth’s surface is changed slowly over time by gradual processes like plate tectonics, weathering, erosion, and deposition
5. theory that states the world is shaped by widespread, sudden natural disasters such as floods and volcanic eruptions
7. states that pieces of a rock are older than the rock that contains it
8. any method of determining whether an event or object is older or younger than other events or objects
9. a crack in the Earth’s crust
11. a break in the geologic record created when rock layers are eroded or when sediment is not deposited for a long period of time