Geology

1. The last major era of geologic time, marked by the rise of mammals
4. A fine-grained, dark-colored volcanic rock, the most common rock type in the oceanic crust
5. A naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a specific chemical composition and crystal structure
6. The process by which continents move across the ocean floor over geological time
9. The main constituent mineral of limestone and marble
11. The mechanism thought to drive plate tectonics, occurring in the mantle
12. The seismic wave that travels fastest and can move through liquids
13. The line connecting points of equal elevation on a topographic map
14. The outermost and least dense compositional layer of the Earth

2. The type of unconformity where sedimentary rock layers are deposited on top of eroded igneous or metamorphic rock
3. A fracture in rock where there has been significant movement
7. The most abundant mineral in the Earth's crust
8. A type of metamorphism where rock is altered primarily by heat from an igneous intrusion
10. The general name for all processes involving the formation and movement of magma