Glossary sociocultural approach

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Across
  1. 2. triangulation: using more than one method to gather data, such as interviews, observations and questionnaires.
  2. 5. when it is not really possible to maintain one’s original culture, but because of exclusion or discrimination, it is not possible to assimilate into a new culture.
  3. 6. correlation: people see a relationship between two variables even when there is none.
  4. 10. research: A study of an individual after an important change or development. For example, the study of a person after a stroke. This requires the research to "reconstruct" the life of the individual prior to the event.
  5. 13. analysis:a method used to analyse qualitative data in which the research looks for "themes" or trends that emerge from the data.
  6. 15. stress: a reduction in the mental health and well-being of ethnic minorities that occurs during the process of adaptation to a new culture. It is often referred to as "culture shock."
  7. 16. a social perception of an individual in terms of group membership or physical attributes.
  8. 17. social influence: when a person conforms to be liked or accepted by members of a group.
  9. 21. When there is an interest in adopting the behaviours and values of a new culture, while still maintaining one's original culture.
  10. 22. culture: the culture that we come to learn and perhaps adapt to by contact with other cultures – via travel, working in international companies or through the media and social networking.
  11. 23. comparison: a drive within individuals to gain accurate self-evaluations by comparing oneself to other people.
  12. 25. study: research over a period of time using observations, interviews or psychometric testing. (Similar to a repeated measures design in an experiment).
  13. 27. norm: a set of rules based on socially or culturally shared beliefs of how an individual ought to behave to be accepted within that group.
  14. 28. design: Comparing two or more groups on a particular variable at a specific time. The opposite is a longitudinal design where the researcher measures change in an individual over time.
  15. 32. approach: looking at behaviors of a group from the perspective of one member of that group
  16. 34. An actor who participates in a psychological experiment pretending to be a subject but in actuality working for the researcher
  17. 35. The process by which someone comes into contact with another culture and begins to adopt the norms and behaviours of that culture.
  18. 36. approach: typically taken within cross-cultural psychology where behaviour is compared across specific cultures. Etic study involves drawing on the notion of universal properties of cultures, which share common perceptual, cognitive, and emotional structures.
  19. 37. when an individual abandons their original culture and adopts the cultural behaviours and values of a new culture.
Down
  1. 1. threat: when worry about conforming to a negative stereotype leads to underperformance on a test or other task by a member of the stereotyped group
  2. 3. when one is highly aware of one of their membership to a social group.
  3. 4. bias: favoring members of one's in-group over out-group members.
  4. 7. context: how someone reacts to something depending on their immediate social or physical environment.
  5. 8. reinforcement: our tendency to repeat or imitate behaviors for which others are being rewarded.
  6. 9. social influence: Also known as social proof - when people look to the actions of others in an attempt to determine how to behave in a given situation.
  7. 11. dimension: the trends of behaviour in a given culture which reflect the values of that culture.
  8. 12. factors: individual characteristics that influence behavior and actions in a person - such as personality or temperament.
  9. 14. Pooling data from multiple studies of the same research question to arrive at one combined answer.
  10. 18. one's belief in one's ability to succeed accomplishing a task.
  11. 19. research: A study that attempts to find a correlation between two variables by collecting data early in the life of participants and then continuing to test them over a period of time to measure change and development.
  12. 20. the process of interaction and integration among people of different nations and cultures.
  13. 24. observation: When a researcher joins a group in order to better observe and understand their behaviour.
  14. 26. gaps: generational differences in acculturation and how this leads to conflict within the family.
  15. 29. bias: when people tend to seek out or remember information that supports their currently held beliefs or expectations - and ignore information that contradicts these beliefs.
  16. 30. the process of adopting or internalizing the schemas of your culture.
  17. 31. observation: a type of participant observation in which the identity of the researcher, the nature of the research project, and the fact that participants are being observed are concealed from those who are being studied.
  18. 33. culture: the culture that we grow up in and share with others in the same environment.