Grade 12 HISTORY Paper 1

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Across
  1. 2. A person who fights for independence and self-rule from colonial powers
  2. 6. Political ideology promoting state ownership and equality, adopted by some leaders
  3. 9. Southern state central to civil rights protests like Selma and Montgomery
  4. 13. Belief that if one country fell to communism, others would follow like tiles
  5. 14. Namibian liberation movement that fought against South African rule
  6. 18. Militant group promoting Black empowerment and community defence in the 1960s
  7. 22. Churchill’s 1946 speech warning of an “Iron Curtain” dividing Europe
  8. 23. Toxic chemical used by the US in Vietnam to destroy jungle cover
  9. 24. Peace agreement signed to end fighting in Angola in the 1990s
  10. 25. Black nationalist who advocated self-defense and criticised non-violent protest
  11. 27. Southern African country that experienced a long civil war after independence
  12. 28. Cold War conflict where superpowers supported opposing sides without direct fighting
  13. 29. Communist guerrilla fighters in South Vietnam during the Vietnam War
Down
  1. 1. Movement demanding equal treatment and legal protection for African Americans
  2. 3. Cold War competition to dominate outer space, sparked by Sputnik and NASA
  3. 4. Peaceful student protests at segregated lunch counters in the 1960s Civil War – Armed conflict between groups within a country, often after independence
  4. 5. Massacre of Vietnamese civilians by US troops in 1968, later exposed globally
  5. 7. Military dictator of Zaire who ruled with authoritarian control
  6. 8. Discrimination based on race, central issue in US civil rights struggles
  7. 10. Leader of North Vietnam and symbol of Vietnamese resistance to US intervention
  8. 11. Sudden, illegal seizures of government power, common in post-independence Africa
  9. 12. Soviet leader who introduced glasnost and perestroika, ending the Cold War
  10. 15. Angolan rebel leader who opposed MPLA and fought in the civil war
  11. 16. Famous speech delivered during the 1963 March on Washington
  12. 17. Civil rights leader who preached non-violence and led the Montgomery Bus Boycott
  13. 19. Former name of the Democratic Republic of Congo under Mobutu
  14. 20. State laws enforcing racial segregation in the southern USA
  15. 21. US aid programme to rebuild Europe and contain communism after WWII
  16. 26. Public action taken to promote social or political change