Periodic Table (Group 4A)

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Across
  1. 2. The basic materials for cement, glass, and zeolites.
  2. 4. The increasing number of the atomic radius when going down Group 4A causes the M-Cl bonds to increase and becomes weaker which in turn cause the thermal ______ of the tetrachlorides decreases down Group 4A.
  3. 6. Term that used to describe the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself.
  4. 8. Another name for SiO2.
  5. 10. Tetrachloromethane cannot react with water molecules as carbon atom does not have _______ to receive lone pairs from oxygen atoms in the water molecule.
  6. 11. The acid-base property of CO and SIO.
  7. 12. Colour if PBO in the solid-state.
  8. 13. The result when B2O3 'dates' with SiO2.
  9. 14. Group 4A elements form two series of oxides with oxygen which are monoxide with the general formula of MO and _______ with the general formula of MO2.
  10. 15. Tin is used widely in this industry, especially tin-plated iron and tin-plated iron.
  11. 16. This element was discovered by Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier.
  12. 17. First ionization energy of the Group 4A elements ________ down the group.
  13. 19. Dioxides of this element are covalent with the ionic characteristics, the same goes with the dioxides of Sn and Pb.
  14. 20. Element with the electronic configuration of [Ne]3s2 3p2.
  15. 22. PbO2 undergoes _______ decomposition most readily and form Lead(II)Oxide and Oxygen gas.
  16. 24. Another form of carbon (allotrope) that does not conduct electricity as it does not have delocalized electrons.
  17. 27. Silicon and Germanium are ________ and they are used widely in the semiconductor industry.
  18. 28. +4 oxidation state of the Group 4A elements decreases down the group because it is _______ to remove the two valence electrons from the s orbitals.
Down
  1. 1. Thermal stability of PBO2 is ________ because Pb4+ is not preferable compared to Pb2+.
  2. 3. A process that uses an electric current to reduce dissolved metal cations so that they form a thin coherent metal coating on an electrode.
  3. 5. A synthetic organosilicon polymer containing Si-O-Si bonds.
  4. 7. one of the alternative names of the silicates.
  5. 9. The alkalinity of the dioxides _______ when going down the group.
  6. 18. CO2 and SiO2 are _______. CO2 is slightly soluble in water to form carbonic acid but SiO2 is insoluble in water.
  7. 21. The melting point of Group 4A decreases down the group except for _______ because it has a more close-packed structure.
  8. 23. All the tetrachlorides undergo this chemical reaction to liberate white fumes of hydrogen chloride except CCl4.
  9. 25. the +4 oxidation state of C, Si, Ge, and Sn is more stable than the +2 oxidation state. Thus, their +2 compounds are good _______ agents s they can be oxidized easily to the +4 oxidation state.
  10. 26. monoxides and dioxides of Germanium, Tin, and Lead show this acid-base property.