Gymnosperm Vocabulary

2. a plant that has seeds unprotected by an ovary or fruit. Gymnosperms include the conifers, cycads, and ginkgo.
5. a genus of highly unusual non-flowering plants
8. having the male and female reproductive organs in separate individuals.
9. seed plants with a long fossil history that were formerly more abundant and more diverse than they are today.
10. grain typically single cells, of which pollen is composed. Pollen grains have a tough coat that has a form characteristic of the pollen-producing plant and which can still be recognized in some archaeological deposits
12. the central part of an ovule, containing the embryo sac.
13. a solid or highly viscous substance of plant or synthetic origin that is typically convertible into polymers

1. a division of plants, grouped within the gymnosperms, that consists of some 70 species across the three relict genera
3. a leaf that bears sporangia
4. a division of vascular land plants containing a single extant class, Pinopsida
6. coat the protective outer coat of a seed.
7. a tough outer protective layer, especially that of an animal or plant.
11. a fertilized ovule containing the plant embryo