H1 Vocabulary Words

1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829
Across
  1. 1. excessive richness of nutrients in a lake or other body of water, frequently due to runoff from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant life and death of animal life from lack of oxygen.
  2. 4. a body of permeable rock that can contain or transmit groundwater
  3. 6. precipitation that does not reach the soil, but is instead intercepted by the leaves and branches of plants and the forest floor. It occurs in the canopy, and in the forest floor or litter layer.
  4. 7. the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth and other planets, including the hydrologic cycle, water resources and environmental watershed sustainability
  5. 11. A system in which mass or energy can be lost to or gained from the environment.
  6. 13. rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground
  7. 14. existing or occurring inside a particular country; not foreign or international
  8. 15. the process by which water is transferred from the land to the atmosphere by evaporation from the soil and other surfaces and by transpiration from plants.
  9. 16. the process of a liquid slowly passing through a filter; when water moves downward through openings in the soil to replenish aquifers under the ground.
  10. 19. occurs as streams, lakes, and wetlands, as well as bays and oceans. It also includes the solid forms of water -- snow and ice.
  11. 22. the draining away of water (or substances carried in it) from the surface of an area of land, a building or structure, etc.
  12. 25. a chemical process where a solid turns into a gas without going through a liquid stage. (An example of sublimation is when ice cubes shrink in the freezer.)
  13. 26. the average length of time during which a substance, a portion of material, or an object is in a given location or condition, such as adsorption or suspension
  14. 27. gaseous phase of water; can be produced from the evaporation or boiling of liquid water or from the sublimation of ice.
  15. 28. the combined amount of total rainfall for any given period
  16. 29. the social, cultural, economic and physical development of cities, as well as the underlying causes of these processes.
Down
  1. 2. a graph showing the rate of flow (discharge) versus time past a specific point in a river, or other channel or conduit carrying flow. The rate of flow is typically expressed in cubic meters or cubic feet per second (cms or cfs).
  2. 3. the water found underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock. It is stored in and moves slowly through geologic formations of soil, sand and rocks called aquifers.
  3. 5. An aquifer occurs when its upper surface (water table) is open to the atmosphere through permeable material. The water table has no overlying impervious rock layer to separate it from the atmosphere.
  4. 8. an aquifer below the land surface that is saturated with water. Layers of impermeable material are both above and below the aquifer, causing it to be under pressure so that when the aquifer is penetrated by a well, the water will rise above the top of the aquifer.
  5. 9. the process where plants absorb water through the roots and then give off water vapor through pores in their leaves.
  6. 10. (of a rock or other material) having minute spaces or holes through which liquid or air may pass
  7. 12. a type of vaporization of a liquid that occurs from the surface of a liquid into a gaseous phase that is not saturated with the evaporating substance. The other type of vaporization is boiling, which is characterized by bubbles of saturated vapor forming in the liquid phase.
  8. 16. Aquifer an aquifer that occurs above the regional water table, in the vadose zone. This occurs when there is an impermeable layer of rock or sediment (aquiclude) or relatively impermeable layer (aquitard) above the main water table/aquifer but below the surface of the land.
  9. 17. the flooding of normally dry, low-lying coastal land, primarily caused by severe weather events along the coasts, estuaries, and adjoining rivers. These storms, which include hurricanes and nor'easters, bring strong winds and heavy rains
  10. 18. the level below which the ground is saturated with water.
  11. 20. the “water cycle”; the sequence of conditions through which water passes from vapor in the atmosphere through precipitation upon land or water surfaces and ultimately back into the atmosphere as a result of evaporation and transpiration
  12. 21. the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. Infiltration rate in soil science is a measure of the rate at which soil is able to absorb rainfall or irrigation. It is measured in inches per hour or millimeters per hour.
  13. 23. the clearing of trees, transforming a forest into cleared land.
  14. 24. the conversion of a vapour or a gas into a liquid; water that collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid air is in contact with it.