HEMATOLOGY

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Across
  1. 2. The general term for an immature red blood cell circulating in the blood.
  2. 6. The blood bank procedure to ensure compatibility between donor and recipient blood.
  3. 7. A small, biconcave disc-shaped cell in the blood that lacks a nucleus.
  4. 9. The medical specialty focused on malignant blood disorders.
  5. 11. A specialized protein that recognizes and binds to a specific antigen.
  6. 13. An abnormally low number of white blood cells.
  7. 14. A cancer of the lymphatic system.
  8. 16. A blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood toward the heart.
  9. 19. A complex of plasma proteins that circulate in the blood in an inactive state and are activated in a cascade to form a clot.
  10. 20. The blood group system known for the 'D' antigen, critical in pregnancy.
  11. 21. A condition involving a deficiency of Vitamin B12, leading to large, immature red blood cells.
  12. 25. The primary site of hematopoiesis in adults.
  13. 26. A condition of blood poisoning caused by bacteria or their toxins.
  14. 28. A large phagocytic cell found in tissues and at sites of infection.
  15. 32. The hormone produced by the kidney that stimulates red blood cell production.
  16. 34. A medication given to prevent blood clotting, such as Warfarin.
  17. 35. The process of converting oxygenated hemoglobin to the deoxygenated state.
  18. 39. A disease characterized by plasma cells producing an abnormal monoclonal antibody (M-protein).
  19. 40. The study of blood, blood-forming organs, and blood diseases.
  20. 42. The main oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells.
  21. 43. The fluid component of blood, primarily water, containing proteins, electrolytes, and nutrients.
  22. 47. A type of large white blood cell that can differentiate into a macrophage.
  23. 52. A measure of the proportion of blood volume that is occupied by red blood cells.
  24. 53. A substance that enhances platelet adhesion and aggregation, important in primary hemostasis.
  25. 55. A deficiency of iron, the most common cause of anemia worldwide.
  26. 58. The enzyme that converts fibrinogen into fibrin, creating the final clot structure.
  27. 60. A condition where red blood cells are abnormally small.
  28. 61. The term for an abnormally low count of red blood cells.
  29. 64. An abnormal increase in red blood cells (erythrocytosis).
  30. 66. The general term for a substance (like a toxin or protein) that induces the formation of antibodies.
  31. 68. The smallest type of blood vessel, where gas and nutrient exchange occurs.
  32. 69. The pigment molecule responsible for the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood.
  33. 71. The production of blood cells, mainly in the bone marrow. [attachment_0](attachment)
  34. 72. A measure often included in a Complete Blood Count (CBC) that indicates the average volume of a red blood cell.
  35. 73. A type of white blood cell containing granules that stain dark blue with basic dyes, involved in hypersensitivity reactions.
  36. 74. A type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions and defense against parasites.
  37. 75. A term for a type of anemia where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient blood cells.
  38. 76. A condition where red blood cells are abnormally large.
  39. 77. A clotting factor, also known as Factor I, which is converted to fibrin.
  40. 78. An infectious disease caused by a parasite transmitted by mosquitoes, affecting red blood cells.
Down
  1. 1. Another name for a platelet.
  2. 3. An important factor in the extrinsic pathway of coagulation, also known as Factor VII.
  3. 4. A localized swelling filled with blood, caused by a rupture of a blood vessel.
  4. 5. The destruction of red blood cells.
  5. 8. The process of removing blood from a person and returning only the plasma component.
  6. 10. The term for an abnormally high platelet count.
  7. 12. Another name for a white blood cell.
  8. 15. The clinical term for bruising.
  9. 17. The disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), affecting lymphocytes.
  10. 18. The general term for a substance that induces an immune response, often found on the surface of red cells.
  11. 21. The process of ingesting and destroying foreign material, primarily by phagocytes.
  12. 22. The main cell type responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body.
  13. 23. A genetic disorder that results in malformed hemoglobin, causing red blood cells to take on a crescent shape. [attachment_1](attachment)
  14. 24. The enzyme that breaks down fibrin clots.
  15. 27. The organ responsible for filtering old red blood cells and serving as a blood reservoir.
  16. 29. A type of blood cancer characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal white blood cells.
  17. 30. The breakdown product of heme, often monitored in cases of hemolysis.
  18. 31. A reduction in the total number of circulating red blood cells, or a decrease in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
  19. 33. A condition of an abnormally high white blood cell count.
  20. 36. A condition where there is an abnormally low count of all three major blood cell types.
  21. 37. The iron-storage protein found in the liver and other tissues, used to assess iron levels.
  22. 38. The process where antibodies bind to antigens on red blood cells, causing them to clump together.
  23. 41. The general term for any blood cell (red, white, or platelet).
  24. 44. A large, multinucleated cell found in the bone marrow responsible for producing platelets.
  25. 45. The laboratory test used to screen for anemia by measuring red cell parameters.
  26. 46. An abnormal protein that is characteristic of multiple myeloma.
  27. 48. A disorder of platelets that prevents blood from clotting normally.
  28. 49. The most potent anti-coagulant naturally produced by mast cells and basophils.
  29. 50. The type of cancer affecting plasma cells.
  30. 51. The liquid part of the blood remaining after the blood has clotted (plasma minus clotting factors).
  31. 54. A severe, potentially life-threatening reaction to a blood transfusion.
  32. 56. A clotting factor, also known as Factor II.
  33. 57. The blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.
  34. 59. The process by which the body stops blood loss.
  35. 62. A type of white blood cell involved in specific immunity, including T cells and B cells.
  36. 63. A severe, potentially fatal bacterial infection of the bloodstream.
  37. 65. The process of receiving blood or blood products intravenously.
  38. 67. The formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood.
  39. 69. A congenital bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in one of the clotting factors.
  40. 70. The most abundant type of white blood cell, involved in fighting bacterial infections.