High School STEM Subject Keywords

Across

4. The measure of mass per unit volume of a substance, typically expressed in $g/cm^3$ or $kg/m^3$.
8. An allele that expresses its phenotype even when paired with a different allele of the same gene.
12. The horizontal coordinate in a Cartesian coordinate system, representing the distance from the y-axis.
13. The SI unit of energy, equivalent to the work done by a force of one newton acting through a distance of one meter.
18. The genetic makeup of an organism, consisting of the specific set of alleles inherited from its parents.
19. The measure of an atom's combining power with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules.
21. A permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene, such that the sequence differs from what is found in most people.
22. The U-shaped curve formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to its side, representing a quadratic function.
26. The change in direction of a wave, such as light or sound, as it passes from one medium to another with a different density.
30. The positively charged central core of an atom, containing protons and neutrons and making up nearly all of its mass.
32. The process by which electric current is passed through a substance to effect a chemical change, such as the decomposition of water.
33. An allele that only expresses its phenotype when two copies are present in the genotype.
34. A unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelle.
35. A large biomolecule comprised of one or more long chains of amino acid residues, essential for the structure and function of cells.
37. An optical instrument designed to make distant objects appear nearer, containing an arrangement of lenses or curved mirrors and lenses.
38. The group of chemical elements in the periodic table consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.
39. The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.
40. The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion or rest, directly proportional to its mass.
41. The force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding against each other.
43. The transfer of heat through the physical movement of a fluid, such as a gas or liquid, caused by density differences.
44. The SI base unit of electrical current, defined as the flow of one coulomb of charge per second.
46. A particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation, carrying energy proportional to the radiation frequency.
48. An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, distinguishing it from prokaryotes.
49. The emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium.

Down

1. The specialized DNA sequence of a chromosome that links a pair of sister chromatids and where spindle fibers attach during cell division.
2. An organelle found in plant and algal cells that conducts photosynthesis by capturing energy from sunlight.
3. The net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.
5. One of two or more atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
6. The longest side of a right-angled triangle, situated opposite the right angle.
7. Organelles known as the powerhouses of the cell, where the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.
9. The electrode through which the conventional electric current flows into a polarized electrical device from an external circuit.
10. A cyclic hydrocarbon with the formula $C_6H_6$, characterized by a hexagonal ring of six carbon atoms with alternating double bonds.
11. A protein that acts as a biological catalyst, accelerating chemical reactions within living organisms by lowering activation energy.
14. The thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane, excluding the nucleus in eukaryotic cells.
15. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius at standard pressure.
16. A group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound.
17. The spontaneous net movement of solvent molecules through a semi-permeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentration.
20. A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell.
23. The point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet where it is furthest from the sun.
24. A simple sugar with the molecular formula $C_6H_{12}O_6$ that serves as the primary source of energy for living organisms.
25. The chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, often resulting in an increase in the oxidation state of the atom.
27. One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
28. The universal force of attraction acting between all matter that possesses mass or energy.
29. The smallest units of an element that maintain the chemical properties of that element, consisting of a nucleus and electrons.
31. One of the two identical halves of a replicated chromosome that are joined together at the centromere before a cell divides.
36. A vector quantity that denotes the rate of change of position of an object with respect to time and direction.
39. A large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits called monomers.
42. A subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom that has a mass nearly equal to a proton but carries no electrical charge.
45. A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.
47. The form of energy that an object or a particle has by reason of its motion.