Higher Biology

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Across
  1. 2. The process where a molecule binds to an enzyme and decreases its activity (can be competitive or non-competitive).
  2. 4. A period of reduced metabolic rate in an organism to survive adverse conditions.
  3. 6. Pathways that release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones.
  4. 7. An effect where a population is significantly reduced in size, leading to a loss of genetic diversity.
  5. 10. The process of copying a DNA sequence into a primary mRNA transcript.
  6. 11. A strategy used by animals to avoid metabolic adversity by moving to a more suitable environment.
  7. 12. The product of fermentation in animal cells when oxygen is absent.
  8. 16. An organism that uses metabolism to maintain its internal environment at a steady state.
  9. 18. A triplet of bases on a tRNA molecule that is complementary to a specific mRNA codon.
  10. 19. Coding regions of mRNA that are joined together to form the mature transcript.
  11. 20. A short strand of nucleotides which binds to the 3' end of the template DNA strand allowing DNA polymerase to add nucleotides.
  12. 22. Behaviour that harms the donor individual but benefits the recipient.
  13. 23. Repetitive, purposeless movements used as a behavioural indicator of poor animal welfare.
  14. 24. Units consisting of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a base.
  15. 26. Metabolic pathways that require energy to build up complex molecules from simpler ones.
  16. 27. Term describing the opposite orientation of the two strands in a DNA molecule.
  17. 28. The use of genome information in the choice of drugs and personal medicine.
Down
  1. 1. Describes embryonic stem cells that can differentiate into all cell types that make up the organism.
  2. 3. The first stage of cellular respiration where glucose is broken down into pyruvate in the cytoplasm.
  3. 5. Accessory pigments that absorb light from other regions of the spectrum and pass the energy to chlorophyll.
  4. 8. A symbiotic relationship where one species benefits (the parasite) while the other is harmed (the host).
  5. 9. An organism whose internal environment is dependent upon its external environment.
  6. 11. A symbiotic relationship where both species benefit from the interaction.
  7. 12. Enzyme used to join fragments of DNA together on the lagging strand.
  8. 13. The main photosynthetic pigment that absorbs red and blue light.
  9. 14. The process by which green plants trap light energy to produce carbohydrates.
  10. 15. An individual produced by crossing two different inbred lines to yield a more vigorous offspring.
  11. 17. Non-coding regions of the primary mRNA transcript that are removed during splicing.
  12. 21. A random change to the DNA sequence
  13. 25. A negatively charged particle that that yields energy as it passes through the electron transport chain