History of Sub-Saharan Africa HMH
Across
- 2. "Wise Man"
- 3. a meeting of European leaders at which a plan to divide Africa was made
- 7. the capital city of the Songhai kingdom in West Africa
- 10. a devotion and loyalty to one’s country
- 14. "Upright Man"
- 16. early ancestors of humans
- 18. British colony in West Africa; was renamed Ghana when it became independent in 1960
- 21. this precious metal made Ghana and Mali Empires rich through trade
- 22. a building for Muslim worship
- 24. a process in which people exchange goods without contacting each other directly
- 25. the practice of building an empire by claiming lands, setting up colonies, and controlling those areas
- 26. this period lasted from about 100,00 years ago to 20,000 years ago
- 28. this mineral used as a preservative made Ghana and Mali Empires rich through trade
- 29. a canal in Egypt that links the Mediterranean and Red seas
- 30. this South African ethnic group united by Shaka fought against British colonial rule
- 31. the voyages that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies
Down
- 1. people who hunt animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive
- 4. this period started about 20,000 years ago and included inventions like the bow and arrow
- 5. Mali's most famous ruler, famous for his hajj to Mecca
- 6. this period lasted from about 2.5 mya to 100,000 years ago
- 8. "Southern Ape", one of the earliest ancestors of humans
- 9. an important trade city of Mali in West Africa
- 11. an African society that emerged in the late 1100s along the East African coast and combined elements of African, Asian, and Islamic cultures
- 12. Afrikaner frontier farmers in South Africa
- 13. a steep canyon on the Serengeti Plain in northern Tanzania, Africa
- 15. the belief that one’s own culture or ethnic group is superior
- 17. the movement of 400 ethnic groups who spoke related languages out of West Africa into the southern half of the continent; occurred between 5,000 and 2,000 years ago
- 19. "Handy Man"
- 20. people who move often from place to place
- 23. a form of Christianity that blended African customs with Christian teaching
- 27. independent business people