Horticulture Vocabulary

1. Any plant, such as the rubber tree or milkweed, that produces latex, a complex milky-white or colored fluid exuded from the cut surfaces of its tissues
3. The sweet and fleshy product of a tree or other plant that contains seed and can be eaten as food
4. A woody plant, typically smaller than a tree, with one or more stems and multiple branches that usually originate from or near the ground
5. A horizontal, modified plant stem that typically grows underground, but can sometimes be at or near the soil surface
7. Any plant that lives for three or more growing seasons, returning year after year without needing to be replanted
11. The protective, often elongated and hollow, case or container that holds the seeds of plants like peas, beans, vanilla, and cocoa, splitting open when ripe to release them
12. The main stem of an herbaceous plant, as well any slender supporting or connecting part of a plant
13. The sticky, pollen-receptive tip of a flower’s pistil where pollen lands to begin the fertilization
14. The stalk that connects the stigma (the sticky pollen-receiving tip) to the ovary

1. A flattened structure of a higher plant, typically green and blade-like, that attached to a stem directly or via a stalk. Leaves are the main organs of photosynthesis and transpiration
2. The main, central vein or rib of a leaf, or of a similar plant structure like a flower petal or leaflet
4. The reproductive unit of a plant
6. The result of a controlled, artificial cross-pollination between two different plant varieties, often within the same species, to combine desirable traits like disease resistance, increased yield, or better flavor into a single offspring plant
7. A pesticide-producing plant engineered with genetic material to create its own pest-fighting substances
8. Produces true nuts, which are single seeded, dry fruits with a hard, woody ovary wall that remains closed at maturity
9. The fine, stalk-like part of a stamen that supports the anther, the pollen-producing structure
10. The stalk that attaches a leaf to the stem of a plant
12. Either a small shrub (e.g., prostrate shrubs) or a perennial that is largely herbaceous but slightly woody at the base
13. The main structural axis of a vascular plant that supports leaves, flowers, and fruits, while also transporting water and nutrients between the roots and the rest of the plant through internal tissues called xylem and phloem