Host Defenses I - Overview & Innate Defenses (CH 12) - LINDSAY SCHUETTE

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Across
  1. 5. A specific, slower immune response found only in vertebrates that develops memory against particular pathogens.
  2. 9. Large phagocytic cells that engulf pathogens and activate other immune responses.
  3. 13. A defense reaction involving redness, swelling, heat, and pain, caused by increased blood flow and immune activity.
  4. 15. Physical and chemical protections (like skin, mucus, and secretions) that prevent pathogens from entering the body.
Down
  1. 1. Fast-acting immune cells known as “first responders” that quickly arrive at infection sites and perform phagocytosis.
  2. 2. Cells (like macrophages and neutrophils) that perform phagocytosis to eliminate invading microbes.
  3. 3. The process by which immune cells engulf and destroy pathogens using enzymes.
  4. 4. Any microorganism (bacteria, virus, fungi, etc.) that has the potential to cause disease.
  5. 6. A nonspecific, immediate defense system present in all animals that responds quickly to infections using general mechanisms.
  6. 7. Immune cells that capture pathogens and present antigens, helping activate adaptive immunity.
  7. 8. Immune cells that destroy infected or cancerous cells, especially those lacking normal surface markers (MHC I).
  8. 10. A group of proteins that enhance immune responses, including: destroying pathogens, promoting inflammation, assisting phagocytosis
  9. 11. Receptors on immune cells that recognize common structures on pathogens.
  10. 12. A type of PRR that detects specific pathogen components, like: TLR4 → LPS, TLR3 → viral RNA, TLR5 → flagella
  11. 14. Molecular patterns found on pathogens that are recognized by PRRs to trigger immune responses.