Host-Parasite Interaction_Pathogenesis of Infection

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Across
  1. 4. Condition actually caused by a medical intervention.
  2. 6. Movement of cells in response to a chemical stimulant.
  3. 8. Degree of pathology caused by an organism. The extent of the virulence is usually correlated with the ability of the pathogen to multiply within the host; may be affected by other factors; the disease-evoking power of a microorganism.
  4. 9. Ability of a microorganism to cause disease.
  5. 11. Toxic protein produced by a bacterium and released into its environment; may exert adverse effects quite remote from the site of infection.
  6. 13. Type of immune response that involves circulating antibodies.
  7. 15. an immunoglobulin molecule characterized by specific amino acid sequence produced by the host as a result of a specific antigenic stimulation.
  8. 16. Multifunctional protein with antimicrobial activity that is part of the innate defense proteins mainly at mucoses; found in mucosal secretions such as tears.
  9. 20. agent Protein that is able to direct the migration of a specific cell.
  10. 21. Passage of inflammatory cells and other formed elements in the blood through the endothelial walls of the blood vessel.
  11. 23. Thin, filamentous, protein structures, including proteinaceous capsular antigens (fimbrial antigens), that mediate the adhesion of bacteria to surfaces and play a role in pathogenesis.
  12. 25. Natural form of host protection; nonspecific and not stimulated by specific antigenic stimuli.
  13. 26. Complex group of serum proteins produced by B cells in response to foreign antigens. In humans there are five isotypes—IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE.
Down
  1. 1. Nonflagellar, sticky, proteinaceous, hairlike appendages that adhere some bacterial cells to each other and to environmental surfaces; plural of fimbria.
  2. 2. Killing effect or amount of antimicrobial agent required to kill.
  3. 3. response Stronger, quicker response on subsequent exposure to an immunogen.
  4. 5. Microorganism capable of producing disease in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals.
  5. 7. (LPS) component of gram-negative cell walls; composed of lipid A plus core polysaccharide plus O antigen (O polysaccharide side chain); released on lysis of the cell during infection.
  6. 10. Disease that humans acquire from exposure to infected animals or products made from infected animals.
  7. 12. Process of engulfing or ingesting and digesting foreign particles.
  8. 14. Sequence of reactions that converts glucose into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a relatively small amount of adenosine triphosphate.
  9. 17. Immune response elicited by a specific stimulus from a foreign molecule that causes antigen recognition by B, TH, or TC cells and results in the proliferation and differentiation of the stimulated cells into effector cells and memory cells; an immunity resulting from a previous encounter of the host and an antigenic stimuli.
  10. 18. Spread to other sites.
  11. 19. Plasma protein that functions as an enzyme or as binding protein; plays an essential role in host defense against infectious agents and in the inflammatory process.
  12. 22. Toxins secreted by certain bacterial species toxic to leukocytes (e.g., Panton-Valentine produced by Staphylococcus aureus).
  13. 24. Proteins produced by some bacteria that inhibit the growth of other strains of the same organism or related species. Genes for these proteins may reside on plasmids.