Human body systems vocabulary

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Across
  1. 3. cell fragment released by bone marrow that helps in blood clotting
  2. 7. blood vessel that carries blood from the body back to the heart
  3. 8. gland in the brain that produces hormones to control the pituitary gland
  4. 9. hairlike structures in the nasal cavity that can trap dust and microorganisms in the air entering
  5. 17. physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces
  6. 20. the movement of blood to transport materials around the body
  7. 21. process by which metabolic wastes are eliminated form the body
  8. 22. tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi also called the windpipe
  9. 23. gland that controls the other glands of the endocrine system
  10. 26. produces bile which helps the breakdown of fats
  11. 29. chemical messengers of the endocrine system
  12. 31. process by which enzymes break down food into small molecules that the body can use
  13. 33. gland that produces adrenaline a hormone used to speed up heart rate and produce an extra burst of energy
  14. 35. two large tubes in the chest that leads from the trachea to the lungs
  15. 36. tube connecting the mouth to the stomach
  16. 38. any substance that triggers an immune response
  17. 42. the process of nutrients moving from the digestive track into the blood
  18. 44. a gland that produces thyroxine a hormone that controls metabolism
  19. 45. overreaction of the immune system to something that is not harmful to the body
  20. 48. a system to keep hormones balanced, when hormones get to low a message is sent to make more, when they get to high a message is sent to stop producing them.
  21. 50. contractions of smooth muscles that provide the force that moves food through the digestive system
  22. 52. a protein that speeds up the rate of reactions (used to speed up digestion)
  23. 53. proteins found on cells that must match with a specific hormone in order to receive the message
  24. 55. produces insulin a hormone that controls blood sugar levels
  25. 56. when the body can produce antibodies to attach to a pathogen and destroy it before the body is considered sick
Down
  1. 1. anything that enters the body and causes illness ex: virus, bacteria, fungi.
  2. 2. process that requires oxygen
  3. 4. process that does not require oxygen
  4. 5. smallest blood vessel that brings nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and absorbs carbon dioxide and waste products
  5. 6. tiny air sacs in the lungs
  6. 7. preparation of weakened or killed pathogens used to produce immunity to a disease
  7. 10. hollow muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body
  8. 11. large blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the tissues of the body
  9. 12. a pair of fist sized organs, they remove excess water urea and metabolic wastes from the blood.
  10. 13. tube through which urine leaves the body
  11. 14. type of blood cell that guards against infection, fights parasites and attacks bacteria
  12. 15. fingerlike projections in the small intestine that aids in the absorption of nutrient molecules
  13. 16. when extra hormones are produces in an event that may need them for example more adrenaline when in danger or more hormones produced for women who are pregnant
  14. 18. large flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing
  15. 19. a group of drugs used to kill of bacteria when someone is already infected.
  16. 24. cell containing hemoglobin that carries oxygen
  17. 25. largest organ that helps in both protecting the body and releasing wastes such as excess water, salt and sweat.
  18. 26. respiratory organ, where gases are exchanged between blood and inhaled air
  19. 27. organ of the digestive track where chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients happen
  20. 28. sac like organ in which urine is stored
  21. 30. female gland that produces the hormones estrogen and progesterone for reproduction
  22. 32. the beginning location of digestion
  23. 34. protein that either attacks antigens directly or signals a pathogen to be destroyed.
  24. 37. the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials (typically refers to digestion in the digestive system)
  25. 39. large muscular sac that continues the mechanical and chemical digestion of food
  26. 40. a less toxic nitrogenous waste
  27. 41. organ of the digestive track responsible for absorbing water and releasing solid waste
  28. 43. chemical substance than an organism needs to sustain life (examples: proteins, carbohydrates and lipids)
  29. 46. process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.
  30. 47. male gland that produces the hormone testosterone for reproduction
  31. 49. an organ that produces and releases hormones
  32. 51. blood filtering structures in the kidneys in which impurities are filtered out, wastes are collected and purified blood is returned into circulation.
  33. 54. liquid portion of the blood