iGCSE Plants

1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526
Across
  1. 3. A photosynthetic pigment found in chloroplasts that transfers light energy into chemical energy in molecules.
  2. 4. Water loss from plant leaves and shoots via diffusion and evaporation. The rate of transpiration is affected by temperature and humidity.
  3. 7. area The total area occupied by the surface of an object. The larger the surface area, the faster the rate of diffusion.
  4. 8. (water movement) The ‘sticking’ together of water molecules due to attractive forces between them. This enables water molecules to move up the xylem in a continuous stream.
  5. 10. A variable that is in short supply and limits the rate of a particular reaction.
  6. 11. A reaction that takes place inside photosynthetic organisms (e.g. plants, algae) and manufactures carbohydrates from raw materials using light energy. Overall in the presence of light and chlorophyll: carbon dioxide + water ⟶ glucose + oxygen 6CO2 + 6H2O ⟶ C6H12O6 + 6O2
  7. 12. A layer of cells on the leaf’s lower surface that contains stomata and guard cells.
  8. 14. An organelle found in plants and algae that is the site for photosynthesis.
  9. 15. Small holes found on the surface of a plant (typically leaves) that can be opened or closed by guard cells to control water loss and gas exchange.
  10. 16. Cells that surround the stomata and change shape depending on the volume of water. They control the rate of transpiration by becoming turgid or flaccid, opening or closing stomata.
  11. 19. A transport tissue found in plants that is specialised to transport sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant in both directions.
  12. 20. The main photosynthetic tissue in plants located below the upper epidermis. It receives the most light so contains the greatest concentration of chloroplasts.
  13. 22. The regions of a plant that store or remove sugars e.g. roots, buds, fruits.
  14. 23. The movement of sugars (sucrose, amino acids, etc.) up and down a .plant, from sources to sinks, via the phloem. Requires energy.
  15. 25. A type of carbohydrate made from many glucose molecules joined together. It serves as an energy store in plants.
  16. 26. A layer of transparent cells that allows light to strike the palisade mesophyll tissue.
Down
  1. 1. Specialised cells responsible for the uptake of water and minerals from the soil. They have long hair like extensions known as root hairs, which provide a large surface area for absorption of ions by active transport and water by osmosis.
  2. 2. Part of the transport system in vascular plants that consists of xylem and phloem tissue.
  3. 5. spaces Intracellular spaces within the spongy mesophyll layer of the leaf that enable gaseous exchange. The air becomes saturated with water vapour providing a high concentration gradient for its diffusion into the atmosphere.
  4. 6. A transport tissue in plants that is specialised to transport water and dissolved minerals from the roots of the plant to the leaves.
  5. 8. The tissue located between the epidermis and the vascular bundles in a plant stem or root.
  6. 9. A type of loosely packed mesophyll tissue with air pockets, which is specialised for gas exchange. It contains some chloroplasts for photosynthesis.
  7. 13. A type of mineral element required by plants for the production of amino acids.
  8. 17. A large molecule that is synthesised from simple sugars.
  9. 18. A type of mineral element required by plants for the production of chlorophyll.
  10. 21. The regions of a plant that produce sugars e.g. leaves, storage organs.
  11. 24. A soluble sugar produced from the breakdown of starch in plants. It can be stored, used in respiration or used to synthesise other substances.