IMM Crossword Puzzle

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Across
  1. 1. Family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections; type 1 interferons include IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, as distinguished from IFN-gamma.
  2. 3. Crystallized fragment of antibody: the part of an antibody that consists of the carboxy terminal halves of the two heavy chains disulfide-bonded to each other
  3. 5. Cell adhesion molecule
  4. 9. the end stage of disease in HIV infection
  5. 12. Acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine that can trigger Complement activation and acts as an opsonin
  6. 13. T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD4 which upon activation differentiate into distinct T-helper phenotypes with different roles in adaptive immunity
  7. 15. A cell that is able to present antigen via MHC molecules to T cell receptors on T cells
  8. 17. Designation for specific cell-surface molecules on immune cells that help to differentiate one immune cell from another
  9. 20. Transcription factor expressed in Treg cells that is needed for Treg cell function
  10. 22. protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
  11. 24. Toll-like receptor: a family of Pattern Recognition Receptors present on many leukocytes and epithelial cells that recognize PAMPs on pathogens and help initiate immune responses
  12. 26. Family names of chemokines, chemicals that are a sub-class of cytokines with cell-attractant properties
  13. 28. T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD8 which upon activation differentiate into cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)
  14. 31. Cell surface receptors that bind to the Fc portion of IgG molecules. Expressed on phagocytes, B cells, and NK cells, among others
  15. 32. Human immunodeficiency virus
  16. 33. Complementarity determining regions: the regions of the antigen binding loops of Ig molecules, antibodies and T cell receptors that come into contact with antigen
Down
  1. 2. Nuclear factor of activated T cells: a key transcription factor that is required to bind to the IL-2 promoter to cause IL-2 transcription
  2. 3. Member of TNF receptor family expressed on certain cells that makes them susceptible to being killed by cells expressing the Fas ligand
  3. 4. Name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans
  4. 6. an immunoglobulin that is expressed on B cell surface
  5. 7. A mechanism NK cells use to induce apoptosis in virally infected cells or tumor cells
  6. 8. Cytokine produced by effector CD4+ TH1 cells, CD8+ T cells, NK cells; primary actions are to act with IL-12 to induce TH1 differentiation, and to fully activate macrophages; enhances expression of MHC and components involved in Ag processing; is a switch factor for certain Ig isotypes and inhibits TH2 response
  7. 9. Immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
  8. 10. Membrane attack complex: end product of the Complement cascade that can kill pathogens directly by forming a pore in pathogen membrane leading to lysis
  9. 11. B lymphocyte that upon activation can differentiate into plasma cells secreting antibody molecules or B memory cells
  10. 14. A cell wall component of gram negative bacteria which can be bound by TLR-4 on macrophages and dendritic cells
  11. 16. A molecule that is recognized in native (original) structure by antibodies or B cell receptor, or a peptide that is presented by MHC molecules to T cell receptor
  12. 18. Adaptive immune responses in which there is a major role for effector T cells
  13. 19. A transcription factor that causes several hundred tissue-specific genes to be transcribed by a subpopulation of epithelial cells in the thymus
  14. 21. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy: multiple drug treatment for HIV infection
  15. 22. general designation of many of the different cytokines, chemical messengers secreted by immune cells that help in their communication with other cells
  16. 23. sIg on B cells that binds Ag and transmits signal 1 to activate B cells.
  17. 25. Intracellular adhesion molecules: cells surface ligands for the leukocyte integrins; Critical in binding of lymphocytes and other leukocytes to certain cells
  18. 27. Family names of chemokine receptors, the receptors that chemokines bind to all cell attraction to specific areas in the body
  19. 29. Dendritic cell: a type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
  20. 30. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes: CD8+ T cells with the effector function of targeting and killing virally infected cells and tumor cells by apoptosis
  21. 31. Fragment with antigen binding: the part of an antibody responsible for antigen binding, consisting of the light chain and amino-terminal half of the heavy chain disulfide-bonded together