Immunology

2. / Are cell surface membrane proteins that can generate an immune response when detected as non-self by the body.
6. / What is the term used to describe when the people who have been vaccinated reduce the occurrence of the disease protecting those who have not yet been vaccinated.
7. / Is released by cytotoxic T cells which destroys targeted cells by creating lesions like pores in their membranes.
8. / A process where a type of white blood cells engulfs and digests a pathogen.
10. / The ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.
12. / what is a call referred to when a cell like a macrophage sticks non-self antigens on its surface to activate other immune system cells.
14. / Which cells releases cytokines.
15. / A type of phagocyte that carries out phagocytosis.
16. / Which cells kill cells infected with viruses, cancer cells or abnormal cells.
17. / What type of virus is HIV.
18. / Which cells secrete antibodies.
19. / Which immune response is faster and stronger if the same antigen enters the body.
20. / What is the term given to describe when pathogens change their surface antigens and different strains develop.
22. / The type of immunity you get from being given antibodies made by a different organism.
24. / What is the name given to the types of drugs used to treat HIV.
25. / Are made of protein and can bind to complementary antigens.

1. / When antibodies bind to two pathogens and they clump together.
3. / When antibodies bind to pathogens or toxins blocking their active sites and preventing them from doing any more harm.
4. / Which cells are involved in the secondary immune response.
5. / Are micro-organisms that cause disease, bacteria, fungi, protists and viruses.
9. / The study of the immune system.
11. / A term to describe when a B cell divides by mitosis into cloned plasma cells all producing identical antibodies.
13. / The enzyme found in HIV particles responsible for copying RNA into DNA.
20. / The type of immunity you get when your immune system makes its own antibodies after being stimulated by an antigen.
21. / Which type of ELISA test identifies the presence of antibodies.
23. / Which immune response is slower whilst antibodies are made and the person will show symptoms.