Immunology Abbreviation Crossword

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Across
  1. 2. antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity: a mechanism NK cells use to induce apoptosis in virally infected cells or tumor cells
  2. 4. Pathogen associated molecular patterns: repeating molecular patterns on microbes that are recognized by PRRs on immune cells
  3. 6. interferon: family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections; type 1 interferons include IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, as distinguished from IFN-gamma.
  4. 9. T-cell receptor: the Ag receptor on T cells
  5. 10. Mannose-binding lectin: soluble acute phase response protein that can bind mannose on pathogens; can activate the lectin pathway of Complement and acts as an opsonin
  6. 12. B lymphocyte that upon activation can differentiate into plasma cells secreting antibody molecules or B memory cells
  7. 13. Complementarity determining regions: the regions of the antigen binding loops of Ig molecules, antibodies and T cell receptors that come into contact with antigen
  8. 14. Membrane attack complex: end product of the Complement cascade that can kill pathogens directly by forming a pore in pathogen membrane leading to lysis
  9. 15. Recombination signal sequences: short DNA sequences flanking Ig and TCR V, D and J gene segments that serve as the binding sites for the RAG complex, allowing Ig and TCR gene rearrangement (somatic recombination)
  10. 16. Human leukocyte antigen: name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans
  11. 18. Immunoglobulin, protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
Down
  1. 1. Cluster of differentiation: designation for specific cell-surface molecules on immune cells that help to differentiate one immune cell from another
  2. 2. Antibody immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
  3. 3. Cell adhesion molecule
  4. 4. Pattern recognition receptors: receptors on immune cells and epithelial cells that recognize and bind to PAMPs on microbes
  5. 5. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes: white blood cells with multi-lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules
  6. 6. interleukin: general designation of many of the different cytokines, chemical messengers secreted by immune cells that help in their communication with other cells
  7. 7. Natural killer cell: large granular lymphocyte that serves as an innate effector cell by inducing apoptosis of target cells (virally infected cells or tumor cells)
  8. 8. Dendritic cell: a type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
  9. 9. Toll-like receptor: a family of Pattern Recognition Receptors present on many leukocytes and epithelial cells that recognize PAMPs on pathogens and help initiate immune responses
  10. 11. C-reactive protein: acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine, a constituent of certain bacteria, that can trigger Complement activation and acts as an opsonin
  11. 12. B cell receptor sIg on B cells that binds Ag and transmits signal 1 to activate B cells
  12. 14. Major histocompatibility complex: designation for a family of cell surface molecules involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to T cells
  13. 16. Human immunodeficiency virus
  14. 17. Autoimmune regulator: a transcription factor that causes several hundred tissue-specific genes to be transcribed by a subpopulation of epithelial cells in the thymus