Immunology Exam #1 Review

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Across
  1. 2. The layer of blood that contains platelets, nutrients, and hormones
  2. 4. histamines and can create an allergic reaction
  3. 9. A type of bacteria that has a thick layer of peptidoglycan
  4. 10. The molecule in charge of presenting an antigen to killer T cells and is important in organ transplants
  5. 11. The vesicle inside a phagosome that houses the chemicals needed to break down a particle
  6. 16. A cytokine produced by helper T cells and natural killer cells
  7. 19. A molecule always found on the surface of neutrophils(abbreviation)
  8. 20. A protein found within blood vessels after receiving signals from IL-1 and TNF
  9. 22. A protein found on neutrophils that can bind to ICAM after receiving the appropriate signals
  10. 23. The molecule in charge of presenting antigens to helper T cells and are only found on APC's
  11. 25. The stage of a macrophage in which it begins to express more class 2 MHC molecules and phagocytizes invaders
  12. 28. The process of engulfing a particle(bacteria, virus, etc) to destroy it
  13. 29. T cell that helps keep the immune system "in check"
  14. 30. The type of feedback loop most commonly found within the immune system. This system brings the body temporarily away from homeostasis
  15. 33. A class of immune system invader that is not considered to be living
  16. 35. A granulocytic cell in charge of killing large invaders such as parasites
  17. 40. The complement pathway that is spontaneous
  18. 41. The stage of a macrophage in which much larger invaders can be phagocytized and TNF is secreted
  19. 42. The body's specific third line of defense that is capable of immunologic memory
  20. 43. A short-lived granulocytic cell that acts as our bodies main mechanism for killing invaders
  21. 45. A long-lived phagocytic cell that lives in the body's tissues
  22. 46. A class of immune system invader whose cell wall is made of chitin
  23. 47. A bodily substance that moves with the help of gravity and muscle movement
  24. 49. Chemicals such as c3a and c5a that can recruit other immune cells
Down
  1. 1. A class of immune system invader that can reach considerable sizes
  2. 2. A tool used by the innate immune system to recognize the general properties of pathogens(abbreviated)
  3. 3. The vesicle inside a phagosome where an engulfed particle is first placed
  4. 5. The complement pathway where MBL binds to mannose on pathogens
  5. 6. The receptor on the natural killer cell that binds to class 1 MHC on other cells; prevents their destruction
  6. 7. A type of immune cell in charge of
  7. 8. T cell that can kill virus-infected cells
  8. 12. The body's non-specific second line of defense
  9. 13. Region of an antibody that can bind to antigens
  10. 14. The process in which B or T cells, once bound to their cognate antigen, proliferate to form many copies of these cells
  11. 15. The class of interferons that are capable of killing virus-infected cells and warning other cells of the virus
  12. 17. Region of an antibody that determines its class(IgG, IgA, etc). Also called the "constant region"
  13. 18. A type of bacteria that has a thin layer of peptidoglycan and LPS on the outer surface
  14. 19. An example of the bodies first line of defense
  15. 21. A granulocytic cell in charge of killing large invaders such as parasites and releasing histamine. The least common leukocyte
  16. 24. The lineage that can give rise to cells such as T and B cells
  17. 26. The lineage that can give rise to cells such as platelets, erythrocytes, macrophages, etc
  18. 27. The system that is a part of the innate immune system and has ~ 20 proteins to kill invaders/attract other immune cells to help in an attack
  19. 31. T cell that acts as a guide for other immune system cells
  20. 32. The layer of blood that contains the white blood cells/leukocytes
  21. 34. The stage of a macrophage in which it mainly cleans up debris
  22. 36. The location where all blood cells initially begin
  23. 37. The receptor on the natural killer cell that binds to pathogen-specific carbs/proteins; gives the "okay" to kill
  24. 38. A protein always found within blood vessels(abbreviation)
  25. 39. The cell capable of killing tumor cells, cells infected by viruses, and other invaders by way of inducing suicide
  26. 44. A short-lived cell that acts as the bridge between the innate and adaptive immune system
  27. 48. A general characteristic that can be found on a wide array of pathogens(LPS, etc)