Immunology Exam 2

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Across
  1. 6. Cells that display MHC molecules to T-cells. Job is to activate T-cells (2 words)
  2. 9. When BCRs are clustered together to generate an activation signal they are ______
  3. 10. The signal supplied from a helper T-cell to activate a B-cell. From MHC molecules
  4. 12. Type of proteins found inside the cell. Cellular proteins, enzymes, structural proteins, etc.
  5. 18. Area in the thymus where negative selection takes place
  6. 19. B-cells that have never been activated by their cognate antigen (starts with v)
  7. 25. Different gene segments getting pasted together to create the heavy chain
  8. 26. Enzymes responsible for destroying proteins and cutting them up into peptides
  9. 27. A bean-shaped organ that are like "dating bars" for immune system cells (2 words, singular)
  10. 29. The process of programmed cell death. "Cell commits suicide"
  11. 31. Type of cytokine that tells immune cells where to go and when to go (e.g. CXCL13)
  12. 33. Are mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues that line the intestines. Sample antigens from the intestine through M cells (2 words)
  13. 35. The hypothesis immunologists favor for how a T-cell survives both positive and negative selection
  14. 38. Type of cell that T-cells are after they have become activated and are ready to work
  15. 40. Chain that sits in the groove of class 2 MHC molecules to keep it from picking up peptides in the ER
  16. 41. Type of rearrangement that creates a full length Heavy chain protein
  17. 42. An active lymphoid follicle, where B-cells proliferate and become "fragile" (2 words)
Down
  1. 1. Type of selection of testing T-cells for MHC restriction
  2. 2. Type of B-cells that come in contact with blood when it enters the spleen. Can respond quickly and don't need T-cell help to become activated (2 words)
  3. 3. All secondary lymphoid organs have these. They are islands of follicular dendritic cells within a sea of B-cells (2 words)
  4. 4. B-cells that have never been activated by their cognate antigen (starts with n)
  5. 5. Virgin T-cells are _____ when they recognize their cognate antigen but doesn't receive the co-stimulation to become activated
  6. 7. Type of regulatory T-cell that is generated in the thymus and can suppress the activation of potentially self-reactive T-cells
  7. 8. Type of selection in the thymus that tests for tolerance of self
  8. 11. Type of T-cell activation, when virgin B-cells don't need the help of T-cells to become activated
  9. 13. Type of epithelial cells in the cortex of the thymus that do the testing for positive selection (2 words)
  10. 14. Type of "unnatural" B-cell activation where activation does not depend on the cognate antigen, but depends on a mitogen
  11. 15. The antigen that a BCR or TCR will recognize
  12. 16. Type of cell that is the "coach" of the immune system team
  13. 17. Type of B-cell that becomes an antibody factory
  14. 20. Organ where T-cells first learn tolerance of self
  15. 21. What happens when cTEC's capture their own intracellular proteins
  16. 22. Type of T-cell activation, when virgin B-cells need the help of T-cells to become activated
  17. 23. Type of fully mature Th cell that can rescue fragile germinal center B-cells
  18. 24. When a B-cell changes the class of antibody it produces
  19. 28. Small protein fragments
  20. 30. Type of B-cell that recalls the first exposure to an antigen and helps defend against subsequent exposures
  21. 32. Organ that functions as a blood filter.
  22. 34. B-cells that have been activated by their cognate antigen
  23. 36. Proteins that are found outside of the cell
  24. 37. Type of proteins that help "decommission" T-cells as the battle winds down (e.g. CTLA-4 and PD-1)
  25. 39. Region of the antigen that the BCR or TCR will bind to