Induced Innate Immunity

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Across
  1. 5. receptor: receptors on immune cells that recognize surface proteins of pathogens and abnormal self-cells.
  2. 7. chemokine involved in the migration of neutrophils from the blood into infected tissue
  3. 8. describes cells or molecules of an individual’s own body that have been altered by infection or has become cancerous.
  4. 10. any member of a large group of small proteins involved in guiding white blood cells to sites where their functions are needed.
  5. 11. in immunology, describes any antigen that the body does not recognize as ‘self’
  6. 12. describes a cytokine that acts on the same cell as the one that secreted it.
  7. 15. mechanism of cell death in which the cells to be killed are induced to degrade themselves. Also known as programmed cell death.
  8. 16. polymorphism: the existence of two or more alleles of a given gene within a population, leading to variation between individuals.
  9. 17. any molecule that induces fever
  10. 20. a type of programmed cell death that results in inflammation and is how large amounts of the cytokine IL-1β are released from storage in macrophages.
  11. 21. molecular patterns: molecular features that are common to many different pathogens.
  12. 23. refers to any cell, protein, or other molecule that is a normal part of an individual’s own body
  13. 25. proteins that specifically recognize carbohydrates.
  14. 26. granular leukocyte that enters infected tissues in large numbers and engulfs and kills extracellular pathogens.
  15. 27. burst: metabolic change in neutrophils and macrophages that leads to the generation of toxic oxygen metabolites and other antibacterial substances that attack the phagocytosed pathogens.
  16. 29. describes a cytokine that is released from one cell and acts on another cell.
  17. 30. small proteins secreted by cells that change the behavior of neighboring cells.
Down
  1. 1. intracellular vesicle formed by fusion of a phagosome with a lysosome, functions in breaking down material by degradative lysosomal enzymes
  2. 2. lectin domain: carbohydrate-binding domain present in many glycoproteins.
  3. 3. response: an induced innate immune response that occurs soon after the start of an infection and involves the synthesis of acute-phase proteins by the liver and their secretion into the blood.
  4. 4. The neutrophil nucleus swells and bursts, the chromatin dissolves and becomes extruded from the cell in a network of decondensed DNA.
  5. 6. cell-surface glycoproteins that mediate adhesive interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix
  6. 9. intracellular membrane-enclosed vesicle that is formed by the invagination and pinching-off of a portion of plasma membrane
  7. 13. Lymphoid Cells: innate lymphocyte that differs from T and B lymphocytes by not expressing variable antigen receptors. It expresses PRRs.
  8. 14. a family of cytokines that act specifically to induce cells to resist virus infection.
  9. 18. Oligomerization Domain-like Receptors: soluble cytoplasmic receptors that recognize degraded components of phagocytized bacteria.
  10. 19. the movement of cells or fluid from within blood vessels into the surrounding tissues
  11. 22. receptors: any of a family of signaling receptors of innate immunity that recognize a range of pathogens and include both cell-surface receptors and receptors that are located in endosome membranes.
  12. 24. digestive intracellular organelle that contains degradative enzymes and breaks down macromolecules.
  13. 28. intracellular vesicle containing material taken up by phagocytosis.