Inflammatory and Structural Heart Disorders

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Across
  1. 1. when the myocardium becomes infeted, the causative agent invades these, and causes cellular damage and necrosis
  2. 7. useful in diagnosing acute pericarditis
  3. 10. the first stage of infective endocarditis
  4. 17. lesion, flat, painless, small, red spots found on the fingertips, palms, soles of feet, and toes
  5. 18. ______________ infective endocarditis responds poorly to antibiotic therapy
  6. 19. one risk factor for endocarditis
  7. 21. may be needed if the patient continues to have fever or complications
  8. 22. persistent temperature elevations may mean that the antibiotic is ineffective
  9. 26. causes of myocarditis include viruses, bacteria, fungi, pharacologic and chemical factors, and this
  10. 27. the final state of infective endocarditis
  11. 29. valve________________ is done in 50-60% of the cases of infective endocarditis
  12. 34. the most common cause of acute pericarditis is
  13. 36. Use this to reduce afterload and improve cardiac output by decreasing systemic vascular resistance
  14. 40. Chronic _____________ peridcarditis results form fibrotic thickening and rigidity of the pericardium
  15. 41. nodes, painful, tender, red or purple pea-size lesions
  16. 43. the second stage of infective endocarditis
  17. 45. main risk factor for infective endocarditis
  18. 46. this type of pericarditis occurs weeks to months after an event
  19. 47. acute pericarditis develops ___________
  20. 48. clinical symptoms of pericarditis include progressive, sever, sharp chest pain that worse with ____________
  21. 50. is caused by inflammation of the pericardial sac, often with fluid accumulation
  22. 54. the fibrous outer layer of the pericardium
  23. 56. myocarditis results in heart _________________
  24. 57. this type of biopsy provides histologic confirmation of myocarditis
  25. 58. this diagnostic may show first or second-degree atrioventricular block
  26. 59. a focal or diffuse inflammation of the myocardium
Down
  1. 2. patients with infective endocarditis are at risk for pulmonary edema, heart failure, and
  2. 3. Patients with acute pericarditis should avoid _______ because of the risk for GI bleeding
  3. 4. pulmonale, manifestations of chronic constrictive pericarditis occur over time. They mimic ____________
  4. 5. tamponade, can occur due to a rupture of the heart, trauma, renal failure, or cancer, among other things
  5. 6. the patient with infective endocarditis will need periods of ____________ and emotional rest
  6. 8. the pericardium _______ the heart
  7. 9. this type of venous distension is the most prominent finding on physical exam of a patient with chronic constrictive pericarditis
  8. 11. teach high risk patients to avoid others with ___________
  9. 12. can occur on the conjunctivae, lips, buccal mucose, and palate
  10. 13. right-sided vegetation can move here if it breaks off
  11. 14. left-sided vegetation can move here if it breaks off
  12. 15. Use these to reduce fluid volume and preload
  13. 16. causes about 30% of all cases of infective endocarditis
  14. 20. these levels may be elevated in patients with ST-segment elevation and acute pericarditis
  15. 23. failure, manifestations of chronic constrictive pericarditis occur over time. They mimic ____________
  16. 24. splinter hemorrhages is this type of sign
  17. 25. the most common virus cause pericarditis
  18. 28. joint pain
  19. 30. the innermost layer of the heart and heart valves
  20. 31. rub, the hallmark finding in acute pericarditis
  21. 32. breath, to distinguish between pericardial friction rub and pleural friction rub, ask the patient to
  22. 33. A disease of the endocardial layer of the heart
  23. 35. as cardiac tamponade occurs, patients will have a __________ cardiac output
  24. 37. most common manifestation of infective endocarditis
  25. 38. because of the way pericarditis pain radiates, it can be difficult to distinguish it from ____________
  26. 39. phrenic nerve compression can cause this
  27. 42. use this to improve heart contractility and reduce heart rate
  28. 44. embolic events occur in more than _______ of all patients
  29. 49. the inner serous membrane of the pericardium
  30. 51. the major complications of pericarditis are pericardial __________ and cardiac tamponade
  31. 52. the number of blood cultures drawn over a period of 1 hour from three different sites
  32. 53. will be evident on a chest x-ray, indicating enlargement of the heart
  33. 55. the characteristic pathologic finding in acute pericarditis