Inflammatory and Structural Heart Disorders
Across
- 1. when the myocardium becomes infeted, the causative agent invades these, and causes cellular damage and necrosis
- 7. useful in diagnosing acute pericarditis
- 10. the first stage of infective endocarditis
- 17. lesion, flat, painless, small, red spots found on the fingertips, palms, soles of feet, and toes
- 18. ______________ infective endocarditis responds poorly to antibiotic therapy
- 19. one risk factor for endocarditis
- 21. may be needed if the patient continues to have fever or complications
- 22. persistent temperature elevations may mean that the antibiotic is ineffective
- 26. causes of myocarditis include viruses, bacteria, fungi, pharacologic and chemical factors, and this
- 27. the final state of infective endocarditis
- 29. valve________________ is done in 50-60% of the cases of infective endocarditis
- 34. the most common cause of acute pericarditis is
- 36. Use this to reduce afterload and improve cardiac output by decreasing systemic vascular resistance
- 40. Chronic _____________ peridcarditis results form fibrotic thickening and rigidity of the pericardium
- 41. nodes, painful, tender, red or purple pea-size lesions
- 43. the second stage of infective endocarditis
- 45. main risk factor for infective endocarditis
- 46. this type of pericarditis occurs weeks to months after an event
- 47. acute pericarditis develops ___________
- 48. clinical symptoms of pericarditis include progressive, sever, sharp chest pain that worse with ____________
- 50. is caused by inflammation of the pericardial sac, often with fluid accumulation
- 54. the fibrous outer layer of the pericardium
- 56. myocarditis results in heart _________________
- 57. this type of biopsy provides histologic confirmation of myocarditis
- 58. this diagnostic may show first or second-degree atrioventricular block
- 59. a focal or diffuse inflammation of the myocardium
Down
- 2. patients with infective endocarditis are at risk for pulmonary edema, heart failure, and
- 3. Patients with acute pericarditis should avoid _______ because of the risk for GI bleeding
- 4. pulmonale, manifestations of chronic constrictive pericarditis occur over time. They mimic ____________
- 5. tamponade, can occur due to a rupture of the heart, trauma, renal failure, or cancer, among other things
- 6. the patient with infective endocarditis will need periods of ____________ and emotional rest
- 8. the pericardium _______ the heart
- 9. this type of venous distension is the most prominent finding on physical exam of a patient with chronic constrictive pericarditis
- 11. teach high risk patients to avoid others with ___________
- 12. can occur on the conjunctivae, lips, buccal mucose, and palate
- 13. right-sided vegetation can move here if it breaks off
- 14. left-sided vegetation can move here if it breaks off
- 15. Use these to reduce fluid volume and preload
- 16. causes about 30% of all cases of infective endocarditis
- 20. these levels may be elevated in patients with ST-segment elevation and acute pericarditis
- 23. failure, manifestations of chronic constrictive pericarditis occur over time. They mimic ____________
- 24. splinter hemorrhages is this type of sign
- 25. the most common virus cause pericarditis
- 28. joint pain
- 30. the innermost layer of the heart and heart valves
- 31. rub, the hallmark finding in acute pericarditis
- 32. breath, to distinguish between pericardial friction rub and pleural friction rub, ask the patient to
- 33. A disease of the endocardial layer of the heart
- 35. as cardiac tamponade occurs, patients will have a __________ cardiac output
- 37. most common manifestation of infective endocarditis
- 38. because of the way pericarditis pain radiates, it can be difficult to distinguish it from ____________
- 39. phrenic nerve compression can cause this
- 42. use this to improve heart contractility and reduce heart rate
- 44. embolic events occur in more than _______ of all patients
- 49. the inner serous membrane of the pericardium
- 51. the major complications of pericarditis are pericardial __________ and cardiac tamponade
- 52. the number of blood cultures drawn over a period of 1 hour from three different sites
- 53. will be evident on a chest x-ray, indicating enlargement of the heart
- 55. the characteristic pathologic finding in acute pericarditis