International Marketing

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Across
  1. 1. An automated voice response system for exporters that enables license applicants to track the status of their license and classification applications with U.S. authorities.
  2. 3. Specific unit or dollar limits applied to a particular type of good by the country into which the good is imported.
  3. 6. A business custom (as in a foreign country) to which adaptation is helpful but not necessary.
  4. 9. A business custom (as in a foreign country) in which an outsider must not participate.
  5. 10. A type of transaction in which goods are imported and sold by a company from a country in exchange for the right or ability to manufacture and/or sell goods in that country.
  6. 11. A financing technique that may be used in an international transaction in which the seller makes a one-time arrangement with a bank or other financial institution to take over responsibility for collecting the account receivable.
  7. 13. A type of countertrade in which a seller receives payment in cash but agrees in a contract to buy goods from the buyer for the total monetary amount involved in the first transaction or for a set percentage of that amount; also known as offset trade.
  8. 14. The adoption or spread of products across markets by increasing numbers of consumers.
  9. 18. Third-country nationals; expatriates from one country working for a foreign company in a third country.
  10. 20. The process of bringing a local national back to his/her home country after an assignment abroad.
  11. 22. A method of translation, a variation on back translation, that is a successive process of translation and retranslation of a document, such as a questionnaire, each time by a different translator.
  12. 23. An export practice, generally prohibited by laws and subject to penalties and fines
  13. 24. An electronic service offered by the U.S. Department of Commerce as an alternative to paper license submissions that enables an exporter to submit export and reexport applications, high-performance computer notices, and commodity classifi cation requests via the Internet.
  14. 25. A fee or tax that countries impose on imported goods, often to protect a country’s markets from intrusion from foreign countries.
  15. 26. A method of pricing, generally used for foreign markets, in which a company seeks to reach a segment of the market that is relatively price insensitive and thus willing to pay a premium price for the value received.
Down
  1. 2. The process in which a dispute between parties is contested in a formal judicial setting; commonly instigated by a lawsuit asserting one party’s version of the facts.
  2. 4. Using oversimplified generalizations about groups (based on gender, age, race, etc.) as mental shortcuts to quickly convey messages, like showing women cleaning or men fixing cars.
  3. 5. The direct exchange of goods between two parties in a transaction.
  4. 7. A person living away from his or her own country.
  5. 8. An idea perceived as new by a group of people; when applied to a product, an innovation may be something completely new or something that is perceived as new in a given country or culture.
  6. 12. A low price policy directed at gaining market share from competitors.
  7. 13. An arrangement in which various companies producing similar products or services work together to control markets for the goods and services they produce.
  8. 15. A business custom (as in a foreign country) that must be recognized and accommodated.
  9. 16. The essential character of something, such as a good or service.
  10. 17. A trade agreement signed by the United States and 22 other countries shortly after World War II.
  11. 19. A form of licensing in which a company provides a standard package of products, systems, and management services to the franchisee.
  12. 21. The effort made by companies to create positive relationships with the popular press and general media and to communicate messages to their publics.