Inventions and the Beginnings of Exploration

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Across
  1. 2. Navigation instrument used before the sextant to measure the sun’s altitude.
  2. 6. Period of renewed learning in Europe that encouraged exploration and invention.
  3. 8. Europeans transported these groups of people from Africa to the Caribbean.
  4. 9. Groups of soldiers that Europeans transported across oceans to conquer new lands.
  5. 10. Large ocean-going ship used by explorers for long voyages.
  6. 11. Measurement north or south of the equator, calculated by sextant.
  7. 12. Instrument improved by Galileo to observe celestial objects.
  8. 14. Popular drink imported from China to Europe
  9. 15. Italian town where sailors improved the magnetic compass.
  10. 16. Italian scientist who improved the telescope and studied the planets.
  11. 17. Became more accurate because of improvements in navigation and astronomy.
  12. 18. Explosive substance developed in 13th-century Europe and used in firearms.
Down
  1. 1. Navigation tool used to determine direction at sea.
  2. 2. City captured by the Turks in 1453 using cannons.
  3. 3. Instrument that replaced the cross-staff and measured latitude more precisely.
  4. 4. Force discovered in ancient times that made the compass possible.
  5. 5. Small, fast Portuguese sailing ship used by explorers.
  6. 7. Weapons such as muskets and pistols that use gunpowder.
  7. 8. Field of study revived during the Renaissance that led to new technologies.
  8. 13. Sweet crop grown in the Caribbean and shipped to Europe.