Islam, Caliphates, Fall to Mongols, & Buddhism in China

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Across
  1. 3. Capital of Abbasids; values learning and center of Abbasid culture
  2. 6. Taxation of non-muslims
  3. 9. Grew to become very rich and valuable; essential allies for early Tang rulers to legitimize power in exchange for tax breaks, land, and gifts
  4. 11. Islamic laws
  5. 12. Caliph succession through Muhammad (cousin Ali)
  6. 13. Takes over Umayyad; Was a caliphate; establishes Baghdad as capital; didn't effectively rule large, diverse empire
  7. 16. Mongal dynasty in China; Khubilai Khan, technology transfer, exchange of ideas and goods, Silk Road open, tax farming
  8. 17. The dynasty in China that brought Buddhism into government; emperess eventually Buddhist herself
  9. 18. The rule or reign of a caliph or chief Muslim ruler
  10. 19. This group clashed with Muslims because a) they killed the late Abbasid caliph, and b) Islamic and pluralistic beliefs clash; located in Middle East
Down
  1. 1. Islamic prophet
  2. 2. Muhammad's first wife and follower
  3. 4. Assigning a priviate individual or group to collect taxes; often corrupt and lead to overtaxation
  4. 5. More flexible branch of Buddhism that incorporated local lore and ideas
  5. 7. What the Mongols used to create fear in their enemies; Marco Polo helped spread it
  6. 8. Great Khan; leader of Mongol Empire
  7. 10. An Arad state, not Islamic; Muslim bureaucrats and Arabic into the culture; conquered Middle East, N. Africa, and Spain
  8. 13. God of Islam
  9. 14. Believes caliph chosen by the community
  10. 15. The Turkic slave army that rebelled and took control of the caliphate