Ivan Van - Period 2-5 Review Crossword Puzzle 2

12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061
Across
  1. 5. The 7th President of the United States, best known for being the "people's president" as he did not come from a wealthy background and took down the 2nd BUS and vetoed the recharter of the 3rd BUS. he founded the Democratic Party, supported individual liberty and instituted policies that resulted in the forced migration of Native Americans.
  2. 12. The 16th president of the United States as well as the first Republican president in office, famous for leading the nation through the American Civil War, the country's greatest moral, cultural, constitutional, and political crisis. He is known for his Gettysburg Address and is credited for abolishing slavery.
  3. 15. A section of the US Bill of Rights in which describes the rights and liberties of an individual of the United States, and guaranteeing the people and state those rights. Amendments can be added with 2/3rds majority vote from the States and in Congress.
  4. 18. Invented by Eli Whitney, this invention massively reduced the processing of cotton, causing the cotton industry in the south to explode and resulting in the increased demand for slaves.
  5. 20. Signed by British and American representatives, ending the War of 1812. This treaty, calls that all conquered territory was to be returned, and commissions were planned to settle the boundary of the United States and Canada.
  6. 22. Republican Motherhood was the idea that women had an important role in society of raising children and teach them to become productive American citizens and embrace the Enlightenment ideas. Women shaped future generations and created the very people that would help to tear down societal barriers throughout the late 19th and 20th centuries.
  7. 29. this party member were made up of people in the South who believed in Jacksonian democracy. In the 19th century, they defended slavery in the United States, and promoted its expansion into the West against northern Free Soil opposition.
  8. 32. An American journalistic crusader who published a newspaper, The Liberator, and helped lead the successful abolitionist campaign against slavery in the United States.
  9. 35. this invention had the ability to travel against the current and their relative speed was able to reduced the time and expense of shipping.
  10. 36. 2nd President of the United States and a founding father, he was well known for his extreme political independence, brilliant mind and passionate patriotism. He was a leader in the Continental Congress and an important diplomatic figure, before becoming America's first vice president.
  11. 37. a conflict fought between the United States and Great Britain over British violations of U.S. maritime rights. It ended with the exchange of ratifications of the Treaty of Ghent.
  12. 39. Opposed the ratification of the 1787 U.S. Constitution because they feared that the new national government would be too powerful and thus threaten individual liberties, given the absence of a bill of rights.
  13. 40. An American attorney and statesman who represented Kentucky in both the Senate and House. Known for his compromise proposals such as the Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1850, and Compromise Tariff of 1833.
  14. 43. Also called the Tariff of 1828, this tarrif was a very high protective tariff that benefitted the north. It was called this by its Southern detractors because of the effects it had on the Southern economy, and would cause a crisis within the nation.
  15. 48. This was a landmark decision in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation.
  16. 49. A national economic plan put forth by Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky and the Whig party throughout the first half of the 19th century. The plan consisted of three major components: Pass high tariffs on imports to protect American businesses, to increase revenues by establishing the 2nd BUS, and develop internal capital improvements.
  17. 50. A historic movement that sought to end the Atlantic slave trade and liberate the enslaved people.
  18. 52. In response to the Nullification Crisis, this compromise was proposed by Henry Clay which guaranteed that all tariff rates above 20% would be reduced by one tenth every two years, with the final reductions back to 20% coming in 1842.
  19. 54. the mood of victory that swept the nation at the end of the War of 1812. Exaltation replaced the bitter political divisions between Federalists and Republicans, between northern and southern states, and between east-coast cities and settlers on the western frontier.
  20. 55. developed by John Deere, this invention contributed greatly to the agricultural world. It allowed farmers to cultivate crops more efficiently, producing more goods.
  21. 56. The first women's rights convention in the United States. The meeting launched the women's suffrage movement, which more than seven decades later ensured women the right to vote.
  22. 57. A series of laws that were passed by the Federalist Congress in 1798 and signed into law by President Adams. These laws included new powers to deport foreigners as well as making it harder for new immigrants to vote. These laws also raised the residency requirements for citizenship from 5 to 14 years and authorized the President to deport aliens and permitted their arrest, imprisonment, and deportation during wartime.
  23. 58. The best known U.S. policy toward the Western Hemisphere. The doctrine warns European nations that they should step away from the Western Hemisphere and any acts upon will be counted as an offense to the US, and would act accordingly.
  24. 59. Interprets and reviews the laws of the nation. has the role to decide whether or not a law is unconstitutional and can strike down laws that can be harmful towards the American citizen. Checks and balances executive and legislative branches.
  25. 60. An American abolitionist and women's rights activist. She was born into slavery but escaped with her infant daughter to freedom in 1826. After going to court to recover her son in 1828, she became the first black woman to win such a case against a white man. She also exposed the demeaning nature of slavery.
  26. 61. A letter written by Thomas Jefferson, describing the Missouri Compromise as a temporary relief, and as a "fire bell in the night" and the "knell of the Union."
Down
  1. 1. an escaped slave who became a prominent activist, author and public speaker. He became a leader in the abolitionist movement, which sought to end the practice of slavery, before and during the Civil War. His work served as an inspiration to the civil rights movement of the 1960s and beyond.
  2. 2. The formal document and statement written by the founding fathers declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain. Addressing the grievances and explain the colonists' right to revolution.
  3. 3. A confrontation between the state of South Carolina and the federal government over the attempt to declare the federal tariff of 1828 and 1832 null and void within the state, and threatened to secede from the nation if the federal government attempts to collect the tariff.
  4. 4. The 4th President of the United States, he made a major contribution to the ratification of the Constitution by writing The Federalist Papers, along with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay. He also work closely together with Thomas Jefferson.
  5. 6. A federal building with the role to regulate the public credit issued by private banking institutions through the fiscal duties it performed for the U.S. Treasury, and to establish a sound and stable national currency. The federal deposits endowed it with its regulatory capacity.
  6. 7. An American newspaper editor and martyred abolitionist who died in defense of his right to print antislavery material in the period leading up to the American Civil War. He was shot and killed by a pro-slavery mob in Alton, Illinois.
  7. 8. This Political Party believed in a strong federal government, similar to the Party that preceded it. The federal government must provide its citizenry with a transportation infrastructure to assist economic development. Many party members also called for government support of business through tariffs.
  8. 9. The branch of government with the role of exercising authority in the US nation, while holding responsibility for the governance of a state. The executive executes and enforces law. Checks and balances judicial and legislative branches.
  9. 10. Invented by Eli Whitney, this invention helped lead to mass production of goods and efficiency rates, which impacted the North greatly.
  10. 11. written by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison while President John Adams was in office, stated that the states had to power to nullify an action by the government if they believed that they had stepped over the boundaries. They took the position that the federal Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional.
  11. 13. A compromise was reached by stating that Congress could not prohibit the slave trade until 1808, but imported slaves could be taxed.
  12. 14. The first and most important Supreme Court cases on federal power. In this case, the Supreme Court held that Congress has implied powers derived from those listed in Article I, Section 8. The “Necessary and Proper” Clause gave Congress the power to establish a national bank.
  13. 16. the first and only party system in which the two major parties remained on about equal footing in every region. Whigs v. Democratic-Republicans.
  14. 17. A compromise in which temporarily calmed tension between the North and the South by enacting a border between slave states and free states, splitting them at the 36°30′ parallel in which slaves states belonged to the South while Free states belonged to the North, besides the state of Missouri.
  15. 19. A group made up of individuals who organize to win elections, operate government, and influence public policy. Warned against by G. Washington.
  16. 21. A tax imposed by one country on goods and services imported from another country.
  17. 23. an American author and abolitionist best known for her work, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" depicting the harsh reality of slavery in an artistic way in which inspired many to join anti-slavery movements.
  18. 24. the Seneca Falls Convention's manifesto that described women's grievances and demands. Almost word for word compared to a similarly named document but with slight changes to include women.
  19. 25. An 1800 uprising planned by Virginia slaves to gain their freedom. This abortive revolt greatly increased the whites' fear of the slave population throughout the South, resulting in slaves not being able to congregate on Sundays without supervision.
  20. 26. a compromise reached among state delegates during the 1787 United States Constitutional Convention due to disputes over how enslaved people would be counted when determining a state's total population.
  21. 27. this invention revolutionized agriculture, making it possible to harvest large areas of grain much faster than could have been done by men wielding scythes. Because farmers could harvest more, they could plant more.
  22. 28. This Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review, the power of the federal courts to declare legislative and executive acts unconstitutional. The unanimous opinion was written by Chief Justice John Marshall.
  23. 30. The 7th Vice-President and was a prominent U.S. statesman and spokesman for the slave-plantation system of the antebellum South. He wrote the South Carolina Exposition which encourages the south to nullify the tariff of 1828 and almost spiraled the US into civil war.
  24. 31. An American abolitionist and political activist. Born into slavery and escaped, she subsequently made some 13 missions to rescue approximately 70 enslaved people, including family and friends, using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad.
  25. 33. Established in the Constitution and AOC, it is made up of the House and Senate, known collectively as the Congress. Given powers by the Constitution: it makes all laws, declares war, regulates interstate and foreign commerce and controls taxing and spending policies. Checks and balances executive and judicial branches.
  26. 34. An American organization that was formed in 1817 to send free African-Americans to Africa as an alternative to emancipation in the United States.
  27. 38. A clause that gives congress the power to pass any law they believe is necessary for the nation. This does have restrictions.
  28. 41. A legal theory that a state has the right to nullify, or invalidate, any federal laws which that state has deemed unconstitutional with respect to the United States Constitution
  29. 42. an agreement between the Americans and the British that England will leave forts still in the US and pay for damages for ships that had been seized. Allowing America to stay neutral with Britain but caused conflict with France.
  30. 44. This person was a radical abolitionist whose fervent hatred of slavery led him to seize the United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry in October 1859.
  31. 45. the 19th-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.
  32. 46. An important diplomatic success for the United States. It resolved territorial disputes between the two countries and granted American ships the right to free navigation of the Mississippi River as well as duty-free transport through the port of New Orleans, then under Spanish control.
  33. 47. The Bill of Rights is the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution. It guarantees civil rights and liberties to an individual. Implemented in order to satisfy the arguments made by Anti-federalists.
  34. 48. These two women were the first nationally-known white American female advocates of abolition of slavery and women's rights. They were speakers, writers, and educators. They became early activists in the women's rights movement.
  35. 51. an American politician and lawyer who served as the fourth Chief Justice of the United States, largely responsible for establishing the Supreme Court's role in federal government.
  36. 53. A diplomatic incident between French and United States diplomats which resulted in public tension between France and ultimately resulted in a limited, undeclared war known as the Quasi-War.