Jewish History and Rome

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Across
  1. 2. The ___ Romana meant the Roman Peace that started under Octavian – they still fought and conquered others, but enjoyed peace within their borders.
  2. 4. The Romans had very ___________ families and society run by fathers at the expense of women, children, and the enslaved.
  3. 8. After killing his brother, this mythical guy founded Rome. His grandfather was supposedly Aeneas, a Trojan hero mentioned in the Odyssey. The same name was shared with the last Emperor of Rome.
  4. 10. The Jews were conquered by the Greeks under _______ the Great (about 300 BCE).
  5. 11. The ______ people repeatedly needed to move, lost their homes, lands, and lives due to persecution.
  6. 13. The supposed author of the old testament – who probably never existed. The documentary hypothesis shows that there were numerous authors from 900 BCE to 600 BCE with very different stories that were spliced together.
  7. 15. This relative of Julius Caesar became Emperor and ruled for 43 years. Before his rise to power, he was known as Octavian.
  8. 16. The _____ captivity refers to the enslavement of the Jewish people when they were conquered by the Empire from Mesopotamia (what is now Iraq) and moved to this new land (about 600 BCE).
  9. 18. The Roman Empire was divided into four and the split into the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire (also called the _________ Empire).
  10. 19. This first of the Caesars was assassinated in the Senate after conquering much of the known world and ruling for only four years.
Down
  1. 1. A Phoenician city in Africa that was a major enemy, its adversary in the Punic wars, and the home of Hannibal Barca.
  2. 3. This word means “the books” in Greek.
  3. 5. The _____ Empire conquered the Jewish lands, destroyed their temple, and brutally crushed their revolts – including razing Jerusalem and killing its population (around 66 CE).
  4. 6. This emperor allowed Christians to openly practice their religion and named the biggest city in the Eastern Roman Empire after himself.
  5. 7. The _____ Empire freed the Jewish people from captivity and let them return to Jerusalem (about 500 BCE).
  6. 9. This city is considered a holy place by the three major Abrahamic monotheistic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam).
  7. 12. The Jewish word for most of the Christian old testament (written in about 400 BCE).
  8. 14. The old testament is composed stories from 5 scrolls and known as the ______.
  9. 17. The modern country that the Jewish people formed after World War II.