Kaymistry Unit 3-5 Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 1. __________ ion A tightly bound group of two or more atoms that together carry a single net charge and act as one charged particle in chemical reactions (for example, sulfate
  2. 4. a horizontal row on the periodic table; elements in the same period have the same number of occupied energy levels.
  3. 6. A substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction and is consumed as the reaction proceeds; reactants appear on the left side of a chemical equation.
  4. 10. A whole-number multiplier placed in front of a chemical formula in an equation that indicates the relative number of molecules or moles involved; coefficients are changed when balancing equations.
  5. 11. bond formed when electrons are transferred from a metal to a nonmetal, forming an cation and anion which attract each other
  6. 13. The electrons in an atom’s outermost energy level; they control how an element bonds and its placement in groups (columns) on the periodic table.
  7. 14. The process of adjusting coefficients in a chemical equation so that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides, ensuring the equation obeys the conservation of mass.7
Down
  1. 2. Energy _______ (shell) A fixed region around an atom’s nucleus where electrons can exist; in Bohr models these are drawn as concentric circles and each level holds a limited number of electrons (e.g., first level up to 2, second up to 8).
  2. 3. _______________ of Mass: The principle that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction, so the total mass (and number of atoms of each element) of reactants equals that of products; this underlies the need to balance chemical equations.
  3. 5. A substance formed as the result of a chemical reaction; products appear on the right side of a chemical equation.
  4. 7. A negatively charged ion formed when an atom or group of atoms gains electrons.
  5. 8. a vertical column; elements in the same group have similar valence electron configurations and similar chemical properties.
  6. 9. An atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost one or more electrons, giving it a net electric charge (positive if electrons are lost, negative if electrons are gained).
  7. 12. A positively charged ion formed when an atom or group of atoms loses electrons.