Keira's Puzzle

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Across
  1. 3. A five-membered aromatic ring with two nitrogens that toggles protonation states in ways useful for catalysis and binding.
  2. 6. Binding that wins by multidentate geometry and entropy often reorganizing coordination number and ligand field.
  3. 9. Promotes hydrolysis of phosphate esters often by positioning a metal-activated water or a transient covalent intermediate.
  4. 10. The environmental free-energy term that decides which species or conformation is favored in a given medium.
  5. 11. Transfers a phosphoryl group to a nucleophile with specificity emerging from recognition surfaces plus local context.
  6. 12. Enzyme activity where electrons arrive via a cofactor-mediated chain and leave the substrate in a lower oxidation state.
  7. 14. Catalyzes bond formation by first raising the energy of a leaving group so joining becomes downhill.
  8. 16. Two structures related by reflection that only separate cleanly once the environment itself has handedness.
  9. 19. Same element different nucleus useful for tracing kinetics or spectroscopy without changing connectivity.
  10. 20. A rapid equilibrium where connectivity looks unchanged until you track the proton and the π-electrons.
  11. 21. A species that is simultaneously protonated and deprotonated at different sites, often the dominant form near physiological conditions.
  12. 22. A single-word alchemical principle meant to unify disparate transformations under one underlying agent.
  13. 24. Same constitution different configuration at one stereocenter the difference is small on paper and large to enzymes.
  14. 25. A linkage that converts a sugar’s anomeric chemistry into something less reactive and more programmable for biology.
Down
  1. 1. An aggregate that “appears” above a threshold concentration when amphiphiles make water do the bookkeeping.
  2. 2. A device-name from early chemical lore built for steady conditions and long durations rather than rapid cycling.
  3. 4. A multi-component assembly where templated information is converted into polymer chemistry through repeated cycles of selection and bond formation.
  4. 5. A conjugated macrocycle whose central cavity is built to host metals and tune electronics via coordination geometry.
  5. 7. Alters folding and assembly outcomes by reshaping pathway and kinetics rather than encoding the final structure.
  6. 8. A small-protein modifier whose informational content depends on how it is connected not just whether it is present.
  7. 13. A binding event changes the energetic preferences of a distant site without requiring a direct covalent link between them.
  8. 15. A proposed universal dissolving agent whose definition creates a paradox once containment and selectivity are taken seriously.
  9. 17. A folded nucleic acid that accelerates a reaction by shaping electrostatics and geometry rather than by amino-acid side chains.
  10. 18. An NTP-driven translocase that couples directional motion along nucleic acid to strand separation or remodeling.
  11. 23. A regulatory layout where multiple coding sequences share transcriptional control as a single unit.