L13 Vocab

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Across
  1. 1. Software used to gather information through your Internet connection without your knowledge; it can track where you go on the Internet.
  2. 4. The software built into the ROM chip that is the first code run by a computer when it is powered on. Its primary function is to identify and test the devices attached to the computer that are used to input and output information, such as the keyboard, monitor, hard drives, serial communications, and so on. Some newer computers, such as Apple Macintosh computers, use EFI instead of BIOS.
  3. 6. A visual display on a computer’s screen that allows you to interact with your computer more easily by clicking graphical elements.
  4. 9. A bar in the Windows operating system interface that displays by default at the bottom of the screen. Each application launched appears as a button on this bar. This is similar to the Dock found in the Mac OS.
  5. 11. To install a newer (and presumably better) version of software, or to add new or additional components to a computer system.
  6. 12. Software packages with a specific purpose in mind, such as word processing, email, web browsing, spreadsheets, and so on.
  7. 14. An on-screen work area provided by an operating system and designed to make a computer easier to use.
  8. 15. A harmful piece of software installed without a user’s knowledge.
  9. 19. A software interface between an operating system and platform firmware that is much larger and more complex than the older BIOS firmware interface. The EFI specification was originally developed by Intel and is now managed by the Unified EFI Forum.
  10. 20. A process that reduces a file’s size for storage or transmission purposes.
  11. 23. A commercially or community-developed version of Linux. There are currently more than 300 distributions of Linux worldwide, including Red Hat, SUSE, and Ubuntu.
Down
  1. 2. The building blocks needed to create a software program. An API provides the guidelines that guarantee that all programs that use that API will have similar interfaces across operating systems and hardware platforms.
  2. 3. Running more than one computer program or application at a time.
  3. 5. A set of characters added to a file name to identify the category or type of file it is.
  4. 7. The process of copying data from the hard drive to another storage device.
  5. 8. Software whose source code is made available to the public, enabling anyone to copy, modify, and redistribute the source code without paying royalties or fees.
  6. 10. The ability to share files or functionality across different operating systems.
  7. 13. Comes from a company for a licensing fee and may include customer support.
  8. 16. The breaking apart of files into separate segments as they are stored by an operating system on the hard drive.
  9. 17. Software that controls a computer, managing hardware, software, utilities, and the user interface, and that helps to repair and restore computer functionality as needed.
  10. 18. A collection of related information that’s been given a unique name.
  11. 21. A small on-screen picture or symbol used to represent an object, a file, or a program.
  12. 22. A community-developed Linux-based operating system with a GUI similar to that of Windows.