Land based empires

4. – Renaissance focus on human potential, achievements, and classical learning.
5. Dynasty – China’s last imperial dynasty, ruling from 1644 to 1911.
8. Empire – Powerful Muslim empire that controlled lands across Europe, Asia, and Africa.
9. – A 16th-century movement that challenged Catholic practices and led to Protestant churches.
11. – Concerned with worldly matters rather than religious ones.
12. Reformation – Movement against Catholic practices that created Protestant denominations.
14. Empire – Muslim dynasty that ruled much of India from the 1500s to the 1800s.
15. – Writing or speech in the local, everyday language.
16. Machiavelli – Author of The Prince, advising rulers to use cunning and pragmatism.
17. – Document Martin Luther nailed to a church door, criticizing indulgences in 1517.
19. of Trent – Catholic Church meeting that reformed practices and reaffirmed beliefs.
21. – An ideal, perfect society described by Thomas More.
22. – Belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge.

1. Shakespeare – Famous English playwright and poet of the Renaissance.
2. – A cultural “rebirth” of art, science, and learning in Europe, beginning in Italy.
3. – French Protestants influenced by John Calvin.
6. – Calvinist belief that God has already determined who will be saved.
7. – Powerful West African empire that thrived on trade in the 15th and 16th centuries.
10. – Payments once offered to reduce punishment for sins.
13. Luther – German monk who started the Protestant Reformation.
18. Revolution – 16th–17th century movement emphasizing observation and experiment in science.
20. – Wealthy supporter of artists during the Renaissance.