Layers of the Earth

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Across
  1. 2. - molten rock that is inside the Earth - we can’t see it, but know it’s there
  2. 6. - preserved remains or evidence (traces) of a plant or animal that lived long ago
  3. 9. rocks that form when parent rocks get squeezed and heated, but do not melt. They remain solid, but the texture and composition of the new rock may change form and makeup from the original (parent) rock
  4. 10. rocks formed from sediment that is deposited in a low area - the layers of sediment build up over time and the weight of the upper layers compact the lower layers and dissolved minerals usually cement the grains of rock together into sedimentary rock.
  5. 12. - a process that moves large amounts of rock up to Earth's surface and to higher elevations; this is associated with mountain building
  6. 13. plate boundary between two plates that move away from each other
  7. 14. a process where rocks get moved from one place to another by wind or water
  8. 15. currents that occur in the mantle, where unequal amounts of heat create a cycle; hot, less dense magma is forced upward by the surrounding cooler, more dense magma- as the hot magma reaches the upper part of the mantle, it cools and sinks back toward the hot core and the cycle continues
  9. 19. the scientific law: undisturbed rock layers, the oldest rocks are at the bottom
  10. 22. shape of the ocean floor,resembles land, influenced by plate tectonics
  11. 24. rocks that form as magma or lava cools - igneous are the most abundant type of rock on Earth (we have the most of this type of rock).
  12. 25. eroded rocks and sediment settle and build up
  13. 26. the series of processes that continually change one rock type into another
Down
  1. 1. plate boundary between two plates that move toward each other
  2. 3. - the thick, middle layer in the solid part of the Earth; this is the thickest overall layer, made of rock that is very hot; it contains the lithosphere and asthenosphere
  3. 4. - the cold and rigid outermost rock layer; this is the uppermost surface layer of the crust that we walk and live on
  4. 5. vent in Earth’s crust through which molten rock flows
  5. 7. when lava cools and crystallizes on Earth’s surface
  6. 8. rocks are to the environment and get broken down by wind, rain, freezing/melting
  7. 11. - the continents are in constant motion on Earth’s surface; they have slowly moved apart over time to their current positions
  8. 16. - the dense, metallic center of the Earth; made of iron and nickel and has an inner and outer layer - extreme pressure and heat squeezes the atoms together to make it very dense
  9. 17. when magma cools and crystallizes inside Earth
  10. 18. - the brittle, rocky outer layer of the Earth; this is the thinnest layer and includes dry land and ocean floor
  11. 20. - molten rock that erupts onto the Earth’s surface - we can see it when magma cools and crystallizes inside Earth
  12. 21. Supercontinent that slowly broke apart to form the continents we know today
  13. 23. - this is the plastic-like layer within the mantle; it is very hot and flexible (has the ability to flow, but very, very slowly)