LC 9

3. Non-religious or unrelated to the church.
4. A medieval code of conduct for knights focusing on bravery, honor, and respect for women.
6. A peasant tied to a lord's land who farmed in exchange for protection.
7. Early European nomadic groups like the Visigoths and Vandals who helped bring down the Roman Empire.
11. A deadly disease that killed millions in Europe during the 14th century.
13. A piece of land granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for service.
14. A long conflict between England and France (1337–1453) over succession to the French throne.
15. Charging interest on loans, once considered sinful by the Church.
18. Renaissance belief in the value and potential of humans, emphasizing classical learning.
20. Nomadic people who invaded Europe in the 9th century and settled in Hungary.
21. Relating to the Middle Ages, roughly 500–1500 AD.
23. Germanic peoples who settled in England after the fall of Rome.

1. Describing an ideal, perfect society.
2. A powerful Germanic tribe that founded a kingdom in what is now France.
3. A church-led campaign in Spain to root out heresy and enforce Catholicism.
5. A cultural revival of art, learning, and classical ideas beginning in 14th-century Italy.
8. A legal system based on customs and court rulings, not written codes.
9. A 1215 document limiting the English king’s power and protecting nobles’ rights.
10. A social system where land was exchanged for military service and labor.
12. A lord’s estate, including land, buildings, and peasant workers.
16. Religious wars launched by Christians to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslims.
17. A person granted land in return for loyalty and military service to a lord.
19. A person who supports artists, writers, or scholars, often financially.
22. Central Asian nomads who built a vast empire under leaders like Genghis Khan.