Learning contract

4. A conflict between groups within the same country or state, such as internal struggles among Greek city-states.
7. There was an alliance of Greek city-states led by Athens to defend against Persian invasions, later evolving into an Athenian empire.
10. is a system of government where citizens participate in decision-making; Athens is famous for developing a direct democratic system.
12. In Ancient Greece was a ruler who seized power unconstitutionally, sometimes with popular support, not necessarily oppressive as modern usage implies.
13. There was a coalition of Greek city-states led by Sparta, often rivaling the Delian League.
15. a landform surrounded by water on three sides but connected to the mainland, such as the Greek mainland itself.
17. A is a military formation of heavily armed infantry standing shoulder to shoulder in ranks, widely used by Greek armies.
18. is a form of government with a single ruler, a king or queen, holding central power. Aristocracy is ruled by a privileged class of nobles, often based on family lineage and wealth.

1. a city-state in ancient Greece, functioning as the basic political and social unit, combining a city and its surrounding territory. Examples include Athens and Sparta.
2. a system where goods and services are exchanged directly without money.
3. There is a temple on the Acropolis of Athens dedicated to the goddess Athena, symbolizing the city’s wealth and artistic achievement.
5. uses coins or currency as a medium of exchange, replacing barter transactions.
6. A large peninsula in southeastern Europe, home to ancient Greek city-states and later the Macedonian kingdom.
8. was a kingdom north of classical Greece, notable for its conquest under Alexander the Great.16. HellenisticCivilization The rise after Alexander the Great’s conquests, blending Greek culture with those of Egypt, Persia, and other regions, spreading Greek language, arts, and ideas widely.
9. was a major Greek city-state known for its cultural, political, and intellectual achievements. It played a central role in the development of democracy.
11. is a government ruled by a small group of powerful individuals, typically aristocrats or wealthy citizens.
14. period of Athens (5th century BCE) was marked by prosperity, democracy, cultural achievements, and advances in art, philosophy, and architecture.
16. is a thinker who seeks wisdom and knowledge, focusing on questions of existence, ethics, and reason